QUOTE(Cliff Varnell @ Dec 7 2007, 05:00 AM)

QUOTE(John Costella @ Dec 6 2007, 03:41 AM)

I don't know if there will be enough to convince you that something is amiss with the photographic evidence (I don't know how strongly you believe in its authenticity),
John
John,
I'm interested to know if there are any reasons to question the authenticity
of the following Dealey Plaza photos and films:
The Houston St. segment of the Nix film
The Towner film
Altgens 5 & 6
Willis 4 & 5
Betzner 3
...Thank you.
Hi Cliff,
Sorry, I meant to reply to this when I saw it the other day, but got flummoxed when navigating the board, and I only just realised that disjoint subthreads are not shown ... anyway, let me try now.
You probably know that I don't believe the extant Zapruder film or the Elm Street sequence of the Nix or Muchmore films to be genuine. That comes through analysis of the Zapruder film, and the fact that the other two are lock-synched with the Zapruder film. (I'll be talking about the Z and Nix films in particular on Jim Fetzer's gcnlive.com radio show on Tuesday, including the new "smoking gun" of fabrication of these two films in particular.)
You'll understand that I'll discuss this topic from this premise; I understand there are many who believe all the photographic evidence is genuine; but for the sake of argument, I'll take that to be given.
How the other films and photographs fit in is not quite so clear. There were
probably photographs that were published quickly (or even not so quickly), that escaped being altered. Let's assume that there were. If you were tasked with ensuring that the photographic evidence showed what you were told it was to be allowed to show, what would these "loose" photographs do to you? Quite simply, they would provide
constraints as to what you could do with everything else. Anything that was published in a newspaper was like toothpaste out of a tube: you can't put it back in.
But these "rogue" publications aren't the only constraints on you.
LIFE Magazine published "a remarkable and exclusive series of pictures" (31 in all) within days of the assassination. They are black and white and terrible quality. Of course, the story as later told was that these pictures in fact came from a movie film; that this movie film was in fact colour; that this movie was actually very high quality; that it was taken by a Dallas dressmaker; and that
LIFE actually bought the film, and was in possession of the high-quality original, at the time they published their terrible black and white, n-th generation copies. I don't believe that
LIFE ever uttered the word "Zapruder" in print. Even their Warren Report issue, nearly a year after the assassination, describes it as "an eight-second [sic] strip of 8-mm color movie film taken by a bystander".
No matter;
LIFE's complicity in the fabrication is well-understood. The point I was making is that these 31 "remarkable pictures" provided further severe constraints on what the photographic evidence could, from that point in time, say.
Now, if you were in control of the photographic evidence, which photos and films would you allow to be published unmodified; which would you modify; and which would you simply suppress?
Motion picture film provided a very difficult situation. Making two films agree with each other, if one has been altered or fabricated, is extremely difficult work: you need to not only ensure that everything lines up in the three dimensions of Dealey Plaza, at one moment in time (as with a photograph), but you need to have this agreement throughout a finite period of time. It takes a lot of work. You need reconstructions and analysis (ok, plenty of that carried out in Dealey Plaza following the assassination), together with a lot of film fabrication. It's very resource intensive (as of 1963).
The net result is that the most work was done in creating the Zapruder film; only small and blurry snippets of two (or three) other films were created for the crucial time of the shots; and all other films were chopped up into smaller sequences that managed to just miss the time of the shots. Of course, even the Zapruder film was cut down in length, to make its creation more logistically manageable, to less than 27 seconds (just 486 photos to create). The turn of the limo onto Elm Street was eliminated. The swerving of the limo to the left, its stop, and associated pandemonium was also deleted (for other reasons as well, of course).
Once the key frames of the Z film were in place, the other snippets of the Nix and Muchmore films (and, a decade later, the Bronson film) were created to agree with it.
I still haven't answered your question! The Houston Street portion of the Nix film: I don't know. There's something strange going on with Houston Street; there is not, to my knowledge, a single extant photograph or film taken by anyone in the crowds along Houston Street between Main and Elm (all the extant footage is either from the corner of Main and Houston; the south-west corner of Elm and Houston; or the Zapruder pedestal). Why? I don't know. Is what has
survived genuine? Possibly. Maybe not. I haven't analysed it in any great detail; there are only so many hours in one lifetime to dedicate to this work.
The Towner film? It's difficult to know. If the limo did almost hit the corner on that wide turn, as testified by Roy Truly, then the Towner film would seem to have it rounding the corner a little too smoothly. But there's little or no corroboration for the Truly account, other than a couple of witnesses describing a "wide turn". (I'm not including the statements from people who have seen "other" films of the assassination, not because I don't take that evidence extremely seriously, but simply because there are other, more direct ways to understand alteration and fabrication than that.) And the Towner film, like so many others, conveniently stops right when things get interesting: we don't see the Stemmons sign, or the Zapruder pedestal; we don't see the shots, of course; in fact, we don't see very much at all.
Altgens 5 and 6? Ah, you've hit the most difficult ones here. (I assume you're talking about his 5th and 6th, which are numbered 6 and 7 in the extant negatives.) If you've read my chapters in
The Great Zapruder Film Hoax, you'd know about the strong evidence (namely, his own!) that Altgens' 4th and 7th photos were not taken by him. So what about the 5th (the Lovelady in the doorway one) and the 6th (with Clint Hill on the back of the limo)? These ones are difficult. I have two copies of the Melbourne
Herald, printed just hours after the assassination (picked up from a newsagent, on the day, by a source I trust implicitly), with Altgens' 6th photo (the Clint Hill one). Admittedly, it's heavily altered: the lamp post has been removed, with its base left behind to be the "President's head"; the background has been eliminated; Clint Hill has been retouched; and the whole print is reversed. But it's still powerful evidence that this photograph moved over the wire quickly.
Is it genuine? Did it escape the FBI dragnet? Quite possibly. If so, it provided an immensely important constraint to those in control of the photographic evidence; and indeed this could explain quite a lot about what does remain in the photographic evidence.
What about Altgens' 5th? This one is so famous that it would be close to sacrilege to doubt its authenticity. ... And now we come to an important question.
Can "most" of a photo be genuine?
This is the question that dogs both Altgens' fifth, and the famous Moorman polaroid. In the case of Altgens, it seems likely that most of the photo is genuine. But what about the view through the windscreen of the limo? (It is a curiosity that, in both his 5th and 6th photos, no faces of people in the presidential limousine are visible. Coincidence? Perhaps.) Here we see Jackie's white-gloved hand holding the President's left wrist, as his left arm is in the "chicken dance" position (flaying elbows). But no eyewitness to the assassination described the "chicken dance" at all, before photos showing same were widely published. So what do we make of this photograph, that shows the "chicken dance" immortalised by what we now know as the Zapruder film?
I'm not sure. Maybe it's genuine. Maybe there was an instant in time when JFK's left arm genuinely
was in this position -- even though he never did the "chicken dance". Or maybe that portion of the photograph is not genuine. Note that this photo (his 5th) was not published anywhere near as rapidly as his 6th (the one on the front page of the Melbourne
Herald hours after the assassination).
Willis 4 and 5. Another difficult set of questions. It would be nice to see a copy of Willis 5 in which the colours were not absolutely washed out and distorted. But apart from that, there isn't much in Willis 5 that disagrees violently with any other evidence that we have, as far as I know. It may be genuine. It may not. This is one of the fundamental uncertainties that makes this work so hard: there are no irrefutable known reference points at all -- apart from a knowledge of what was mass-published and filed away by millions of ordinary citizens.
Betzner 3. Well, this pretty well agrees with Willis 5, so you'd have to take a guess that its authenticity follows that of the other. Again, I'm not aware of anything in it that disagrees violently with all of the other evidence. So I really don't know.
I guess by this point you might be wondering why I keep going on about "violently disagreeing" with other evidence. Well, if you listen in on Tuesday (actually, I think there will be a follow-up interview on another channel, but I will wait for details on that before advising), then you'll get the idea. There are so many discrepancies between the Zapruder film and, to within its bounds, the Nix film (the Muchmore is much too short ... sort of a joke, wasn't it, that the Muchmore shows close to nix and the Nix shows much more ... I'd almost like to have a beer with those film fabricators, just for their sense of humour, if their work were not used for such evil purpose), and what the hundreds of eyewitnesses to the assassination actually saw, that you have to make a fundamental decision as to whether you are going to believe a couple of films with an absolutely broken chain of custody, or the sworn testimony of dozens or hundreds of generally God-fearing and law-abiding Texans, visitors, and law-enforcement officials.
Does that answer your question? If it was a genuine question in the spirit of enquiry -- such as I used to get from my students, when I was a teacher -- then I suspect my ambiguous answer is more useful than a plain set of "yes"es and "no"s. But (no offence intended, Cliff), I don't know you from bar of soap, and I have been popped so many "Dorothy Dixers" during my investigation of the assassination that, in the wrong audience, my answers would create a veritable holy war, ultimately to be drowned out by so much vitriol that one has to wonder whether it is worth answering the question at all.

John