John Bevilaqua

Can I be a moderator, too, so I can help you distinguish between your own thoughts from those which occurred elsewhere? Just kidding.

Buckley's Carlist Catholicism thought JFK to be "soft" on everything they opposed This article appears in the July 26, 2002 issue of Executive Intelligence Review. Fascist William Buckley Put Joe Lieberman in the Senate by Scott Thompson It is a bizarre truth, but one that American voters need to know, that National Review founder and "Catholic" fascist William F. Buckley made the Senate career of Democratic Presidential threat Joseph Lieberman. The leading intellectual spokesman for McCarthyism as long ago as the 1950s, Buckley was responsible for putting then-Connecticut Attorney General Joe Lieberman in the U.S. Senate, in the 1988 election against liberal Republican incumbent Sen. Lowell Weicker. Thanks to Buckley's organizing conservative Republicans to vote for Lieberman, today's war-party Senator from Connecticut squeezed in by 10,000 votes. Lieberman is pushing the White House hard for an immediate attack on Iraq and a spreading Mideast war—the most dangerous possible way of trying to "escape" the worsening financial crisis. His longtime alliance with William F. Buckley's fascist networks, shows the real character of this "New Democrat" contender. Carlist fascist Buckley, a deep-cover CIA officer who over decades has deployed both real Nazis and neo-Nazis, had a close relationship with Lieberman long before handing him his Senate seat. It dates back at least to the time that Joe stepped into Buckley's shoes as Chairman of the Yale News, which was then equivalent to being the Yale class president. Thus it was no bolt from the blue, when the arch-conservative libertine Buckley chose to sponsor the Democrat Lieberman in 1988. 'BuckPac' and 'Weicker Watch' The Aug. 15, 1988 issue of National Review in announced the formation of "Buckleys for Lieberman" or "BuckPac," with an interview with Bill Buckley, who pronounced himself president of the new political campaign committee. Through BuckPac, the Buckley family and networks, whose old stomping ground was Connecticut, carried out campaign counterintelligence, ran a scurrilous "Weicker Watch" column in National Review, bought attack ads against Weicker, and distributed articles nationwide through its affiliated United Press Syndicate. Said Buckley in the interview, "This is very serious business. The future of self-government depends on retiring such as Weicker from the Senate.... That is the responsibility of the Horse's Ass Committee ... to document that Lowell Weicker is the number one Horse's Ass in the Senate." Asked what kind of research BuckPac was engaged in, the marijuana-promoting fascist replied, "Researching the speeches and public utterances of Lowell Weicker over the past 18 years. We have a few ready for release at this time, but many more will be made public by the Degasification Committee ... [which] is engaged in attempting to clean up the quality of public thought, and intends to demonstrate that the bombast, murk, and pomposity of Lowell Weicker's public declarations are a threat to democratic ecology." After the Buckleys declared conservative all-out war on Weicker, Lieberman closed a 24-point gap within the last six weeks of the campaign and squeaked through as the victor. Buckley's trademark, snake-like darting tongue could almost be seen in his wrap-up article in the Dec. 9, 1988 issue of National Review entitled, "BuckPac Kills!" Wrote Buckley, "Upon the announcement of BuckPac's organizers that Mr. Weicker was the number-one Horse's Ass in the United States Senate, the door opened, and the sunlight shone in.... Ah, but by the mere act of pointing to the nudity of the emperor, the searing point was made. Namely that Mr. Weicker was an arrogant, bigoted bore and the Republicans who, as galley slaves, had voted for him should feel free to vote for the Democratic alternative, Mr. Joseph Lieberman." Buckley's Left and Right Fascism As EIR first documented in its 1977 report, "The Buckley Family: Wall Street Fabians in the Conservative Movement," at the founding of National Review in 1954, former deep-cover CIA officer Bill Buckley brought together both the extreme right-wing and converted left-wing backers of McCarthyism, to launch a fascist conservative movement in the United States. American intelligence sources reported then, for example, that Buckley had launched former Naval Intelligence officer George Lincoln Rockwell in the founding of the American Nazi Party, for gang-countergang warfare with the Anti-Defamation League (ADL). The gangster-linked ADL profited from Rockwell (until his assassination) by using the ANP to terrorize and blackmail Jews into large contributions. Buckley also worked with "Old Nazis" in the World Anti-Communist League (WACL) and the Dr. Otto von Hapsburg-linked CIDOC in Spain, that carried out numerous murderous "dirty tricks." And, other Buckley epigones worked with the Chilean intelligence (DINA), that had been brought to power in the coup d'état of Gen. Augusto Pinochet, arranged by Buckley's bosom buddy, Henry Kissinger. Buckley's National Review operation also always included former leading Trotskyites, turned McCarthyites; National Review founder Sidney Hook, for example, played a crucial role later in launching the current of U.S. "neo-conservatives," who now push for all-out Mideast War, along with Lieberman and his war-partner Sen. John McCain (R-Ariz). Buckley and his brother-in-law L. Brent Bozell co-authored a defense of McCarthyism in their 1958 book, McCarthy and His Enemies. Bozell went on in 1966 to found Triumph magazine whose board included Dr. (Archduke) Otto von Hapsburg, a onetime claimant to the throne of the defunct Austro-Hungarian Empire. Triumph spawned the Christian Commonwealth Institute (CCI) at the 16th-Century Escorial Palace of the feudal, Hapsburg-allied Carlist Kings who depopulated Spain and Portugal. During this period, Bozell also founded the "Sons of Thunder," red-beret-wearing Carlist shocktroops, who attacked police over such questions as abortion, chanting "Cristo Rey!" ("Christ the King!") Buckley and Bozell's CCI in 1977 founded Christendom College in Front Royal, Virginia, from which the anti-U.S. Consitution dogmas of such ideologues as Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia are bred and spread. The 'Mega' Side of Lieberman Lieberman's other prominent backers, the "Mega" group of Zionist billionaires who sponsor the Likud party faction in Israel's policies, are also linked to Buckley's "Catholic" fascist operations. According to well-informed sources, one of the early funders of the National Review was hedge-fund operator Michael Steinhardt. In 1985, Steinhardt used some of his fortune to found the Democratic Leadership Council (DLC) and its Progressive Policy Institute. One of Senator Lieberman's first acts was to be sworn into the DLC, and he eventually succeeded Steinhardt as its chairman. Steinhardt himself broke with the DLC, because he opposed President Bill Clinton's re-election in 1996, and "conscience of the Senate" Lieberman became the first Democrat to call for Clinton's resignation, a bit later. The "Mega" group to which Steinhardt belongs, was founded in 1991 by Leslie Wexler and Charles Bronfman. Its "Megabucks" are now supporting the fascist policies of Ariel Sharon's government in Israel. Steinhardt got the "Megabucks" to start his hedge-fund firm from his father, Sol Frank "Red" Steinhardt, who had been New York City's leading jewel fence, a convicted felon, and a pal of National Crime Syndicate leader Meyer Lansky and "Three Finger" Jimmy Aiello. "Red" saw that his son "went legit." This is the snakepit that surrounds Sen. Joseph Lieberman; keep in mind Bill Buckley's darting, snake-like tongue when you see Lieberman poised to run for President.

Here is the citation linking Willoughby into H. L. Hunt when he was hired to seek out oil drilling leases in Mozambique at that time a Portuguese colony... This was after he and MacArthur were sacked. http://books.google.com/books?id=pv62v43Yf...lt&resnum=1

Recommended LaRouche Book on Defeating Buckley Did I ever think I would be recommending a Lyndon LaRouche book 10 years ago? No way. But the brainwashing campaign launched against him by those in Buckley's orbit closed my mind to that possibility... Richard Condon warned me about Buckley and yet he got into my mind somehow and used his media propaganda campaigns to affect my opinions... http://avaxhome.ws/ebooks/Politics_Sociology/0933488033.html Man this guy William F. Buckley was nothing more than a silver-tongued orator whose tongue darted in and out like a serpent... For him, "Killing Commies for Christ" was all in a day's work. And he was one of the best at it, too.

John, point well made with that quote. The gut instinct first response right after the JFK Assassination was to blame the far right especially The John Birch Society. Then the full bore barrage of PsyWar intelligence came flying from Oliver, Smith, Morris, Corso, Willoughby, and several others from the far right, who were actually responsible for killing JFK, in order to defend themselves and deflect any suspicion from their friends while trying to pin it on either Cuban or Russian Communists or on the KGB infiltration of the CIA or on the CIA itself. Now maybe this happened simultaneously or perhaps the deflection occurred first followed by the gut instinct first responses. Does anyone remember how it all went down or can it be recreated from the historical written records? Needless to say, all of these versions still have living proponents repeating the first response pablum from Oliver, Smith, Morris, Corso, Willoughby probably written by that Edmund Bernay character from the gitgo.

Bill has declined. Cigdem has accepted. Don, Peter - do you accept the nomination? Bill has already threatened me twice in writing saying that I have more to fear from him than from either Frank Sturgis or James Hosty and then he threatened to publish personal information about me with the implication that it was being done as retribution for some alleged offenses and that he expected that the threat of publication of such information or the actual publication of such information would somehow alter my behavior or cause some other untoward but unspecified repercussions to happen to me. That is called uttering a threat.

PAPERS OF MAJOR GENERAL CHARLES A. WILLOUGHBY, USA 1947-1973 Reels 908-933, 936 Reel Box Folder Description Series I: Correspondence Files 908 1 1 “A“ Correspondence, 1951-1972 2 Abbott, Leonard J., Lieutenant Colonel, Korea Liaison Office Report 3 Addresses American Astronautical Society [see Schriever, B. A.] 4 American Jewish Committee 5 American Legion 6 American Opinion 7 Army—Miscellaneous 8 “B“ Correspondence, 1958-1969 9 Berlin—Miscellaneous 10 Blassingame, Lurton [Correspondence, 1963-1970] 11 Book—MacArthur, 1941-1951 2 1 “C“ Correspondence, 1952-1972 909 2 Caracas, Venezuela 3 Casey, Hugh, Major General 4 Central Intelligence Agency, Correspondence, 1955-1967 5 Chief of Staff, Air Corps [u.S. Air Force] 6 China, Communist 7 Christian Crusade, Rev. Billy Hargis 8 [Christian Crusade], Hargis, Miscellaneous 9 Christian Crusade Magazine, 1960-1965 Civil Intelligence Section, Periodical Summary [see also Reel 923, Box 23, Folder 1] 10 Club Publicity, Miscellaneous 11 Command Comment, 1971 12 Communism, International 13 Communism, Miscellaneous 14 Congo [see Portugal] 15 Congressional Records, 1967-1972 16 Cuba 3 1 “D“ Correspondence, 1954-1972 2 Dilbeck, Walter [Correspondence, 1968-1971] Diplomatic Correspondence, 1951-1971 3 "Disarmament and the Nuclear Hystricidae“ 4 Documentary, Foreword 5 Dutton, E. P. [Publishers, Correspondence, 1951-1971] 909 3 6 “E“ Correspondence, 1954-1971 contd. contd. 7 Espionage 8 “F“ Correspondence, 1954-1971 9 Fact Finders Forum [Correspondence, 1962-1963] 10 Fish, Hamilton: “The Unwanted and Unnecessary War with Japan“ 11 Foreign Aid 12 Foreign Intelligence Digest, January-August 1961 13 Foreign Intelligence Digest, September 1961-September 1962 910 14 Foreign Intelligence Digest, June 1964-December 1971 15 Foreign Intelligence Digest, Miscellaneous 16 France, Consulate: Hong Kong, 1949 17 "Franco and Spain“ (Address by Colonel Robert R. McCormick) 4 1 “G“ Correspondence, 1955-1972 2 General Staff 3 German Correspondents: A–Brandt 4 German Correspondents: Braun–Mittelstaedt 5 German Correspondents: Oberländer–Wuppermann 6 German Correspondence: Miscellaneous 7 German: "Der Rote Brief" [The Red Report] 8 German–Russian Treaty, 1970 9 Gettysburg College [Correspondence, 1959-1974] 10 Government Printer 11 Guerrillas in Philippines 12 “H“ Correspondence, 1953-1972 13 Herald of Freedom (publisher) 14 Herbert Hoover Institution and Archives 15 Houston Chronicle Howard, Harry P., 1957 [see also Reel 923, Box 23, Folder 3] 16 Hukbalajap, P.I. [Philippine Islands] 17 Huk: Civic Action 18 Huk: Civic Action and Counter-Insurgency 19 Huk: Civic Activities of the Military, Southeast Asia 20 Huk: Correspondence, 1962-1963 21 Huk: Counter-Guerrilla Operations in the Philippines, 1946-1953 22 Huk: Fundamentals for Americans 23 Huk: The Insurgent Battlefield 24 Huk: Military Psychological Operations 25 Hughes, Sir Wilfred Kent 26 Hunt, H. L./Hunt, Nelson Bonken (See International Committee for the Defense of Christian Culture) 911 5 1 “I“ Correspondence, 1954-1970 2 Indonesia 3 Intelligence [Correspondence, 1948-1967] 4 Intelligence in the Pacific 5 Intelligence Series [see also Reels 924-933] 6 International Committee for the Defense of Christian Culture 7 International Liberty Brigade 8 Israel 9 “J“ Correspondence, 1950-1972 10 Japanese Americans 11 Japanese American Citizens League 12 Japanese Propaganda 13 JCS [Joint Chiefs of Staff, Correspondence, 1959-1971] 6 1 “K“ Correspondence, 1954-1971 2 Kandel, Charles [Correspondence, 1969-1970] 3 Kansas, University of [Correspondence, 1961-1967] Kasai, Jiuji G. [see Thurmond, Strom] 4 Kohlberg, Alfred [Correspondence, 1950-1953] 912 5 Korea Korea Liaison Office Report [see Abbott, Leonard J.] 6 Korean War: Interviews with Willoughby and MacArthur 7 “L“ Correspondence, 1955-1972 8 LaBrum, J. Harry [Correspondence, 1963-1966] 9 Lafayette, Order of 10 Legion of Valor 11 Levoy, Gordon/Sorge/Hollywood Correspondence, 1959-1971 Levoy, Gordon, 1971 [see also Reel 923, Box 23, Folder 4] “M“ Correspondence, 1951-1972 MacArthur, Douglas [see Truman, Harry S.] 12 MacArthur, Douglas: Miscellaneous Correspondence, 1966-1971 13 MacArthur, Douglas: Miscellaneous Drafts 14 MacArthur, Douglas: Press 15 MacArthur Memorial: Correspondence, 1963-1974 16 “Mc“ Correspondence, 1952-1972 17 McGraw-Hill Company: Correspondence, 1953-1972 7 1 Manila: Australia Data 2 Manuscript Materials 912 contd. 7 contd. 3 Marcos, Ferdinand E., President of the Philippines: Correspondence, 1969-1972] Masonic Lodge [see Shriners] Matsunaga, Spark M., Congressman [see Thurmond, Strom] 4 May, Karl: Correspondence, 1955-1970 5 Mexico 6 Miscellaneous 913 7 Miscellaneous Broadsides and Newsletters 8 Miscellaneous, “N-R“ Miscellaneous Reprints 9 My Lai [see Vietnam] 8 1 “N“ Correspondence, 1957-1971 2 Naples (Florida) 3 Naples/COC/Political 4 National Economic Council, Inc. 5 NATO: General Data 6 Navy: Chief of Naval Operations [Correspondence, 1960-1963] 7 News Clippings, 1956-1971 8 North Korean Pre-Invasion Build-up [see also Reel 921, Box 19, Folders 9-10] 9 “O“ Correspondence, 1947-1959 10 Order of Saint John of Jerusalem 11 Order of Saint John of Jerusalem: Documentation 12 “P“ Correspondence, 1953-1971 13 "Paralysis as a Principle of Warfare“ 14 Pentagon [Correspondence, 1958-1969] 15 Pentagon, Volume II [book: Correspondence, 1964-1966] 16 Perot, Ross H.: Correspondence, 1970 17 Philippines [see Hukbalajap] 18 Philippine Embassy [Correspondence, 1961, 1972] 19 Philippine Veterans 9 1 Pichel, Charles L. T.: Correspondence, 1932, 1963-1970 2 Portugal 3 Portugal/Congo, 1961-1971 914 4 Prange, Gordon W.: Correspondence, 1952-1965 5 Presidential–Vice Presidential Correspondence, 1959-1972 6 “R“ Correspondence, 1953-1971 7 Reports of General MacArthur [book] 8 Romulo, Carlos, Philippine Secretary of Foreign Affairs: Correspondence, 1959-1972 914 9 9 “S“ Correspondence, 1954-1971 contd. contd. Salgado-Araujo, Francisco Franco 10 Schmid, Joachim: Correspondence, 1960-1969 11 Schriever, B. A., Lieutenant General, American Astronautical Society, 1961 12 Schriners/Masons 10 1 Sorge, Richard 2 Spain 3 Spain: Diplomatic Correspondence, 1953-1966 915 4 Spain: Editorial AHR—Correspondence, 1954-1972 5 Spain: General Franco—Miscellaneous 6 Spain: Military Correspondence, 1952-1964 7 Spain: Salgado-Araujo, Francisco Franco, General: Correspondence, 1953-1971 8 Spain/Portugal [Correspondence, 1962-1970]—See Portugal 9 Stashinsky, Borgan 10 State Department: Correspondence, 1958-1965 11 Supreme Court 12 “T“ Correspondence, 1952-1972 13 Taylor, Maxwell D., General: Correspondence, 1956-1963 14 “ 'The Third Force’: Neutralists Are Not a Separate Force“ 15 Thurmond, Strom; Matsunaga, Spark M.; Kasai, Jiuji G.: Correspondence, 1963-1971 16 Truman, Harry S.—MacArthur, Douglas 11 1 “U“ Correspondence, 1963 2 Untouchables/SEP [see also Reel 922, Box 22, Folder 9a] 3 U.S. Congress—House of Representatives: Correspondence, 1957-1972 4 U.S. Senate: Correspondence, 1950-1972 5 U.S. Senate, Foreign Relations Committee 6 “V“ Correspondence, 1953-1972 7 Vietnam—My Lai 8 Villamor, Jesus A., Colonel: Correspondence, 1962-1970 916 12 1 “W“ Correspondence, 1950-1972 2 Wallace, George/Al: Correspondence, 1969-1970 3 War College, Carlisle, PA: Correspondence, 1967 4 War Department: Correspondence, 1961-1967 5 War Department, Footlocker History: Correspondence, 1952-1957 6 War Department, Historical Division: Correspondence, 1952-1965 916 contd. 12 contd. 7 Weekly Crusader, January 1961-October 1962 [see also Reel 922, Boxes 22 and 23] 8 Willoughby, Charles A. 9 Willoughby, Charles A.: Addresses 10 Willoughby, Charles A.: "Analysis of Global Military Commitments of the United States, 1958“ 11 Willoughby, Charles A.: Critique of Louis Morton’s The Fall of the Philippines 12 Willoughby, Charles A.: Interview with D. Clayton James 13 Willoughby, Charles A.: "NATO—Foreign Aid and Ready Divisions“ 14 Willoughby, Charles A.: Official Papers (copies), 1943-1953 15 Willoughby, Charles A.: Plates 16 Willoughby, Charles A., “Theodore Roosevelt and the Communist Threat“ 17 Willoughby, Charles A.: Statement Made to the Senate Appropriations Committee for Patriotic Societies, June 1960 18 World War I: Eastern Front: “Campaigns in Egypt and Palestine, 1914-1918“ 19 “Y“ Correspondence, 1951-1972 20 Addendum: Miscellaneous Correspondence, Clippings, etc., from Gettysburg College (facsimiles) Series II: Printed Materials 13 1 Aid and Comfort to the Enemy: Trends in Korean Press Reports by C. A. Willoughby (Tokyo: Dai Nippon Printing Company, n.d.) 917 2 America Needs a Foreign Legion by C. A. Willoughby. In Argosy, Volume 362, No. 1 (January 1966) 3 Bailén y la Cabeza de Puente Española, 1808-1948 by C. A. Willoughby (privately published, 1952) 4 The Black Panther Party: Its Origin and Development as Reflected in Its Official Weekly Newspaper Black Community News Service, Committee on Internal Security, House of Representatives (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1970) 14 1 Chinese Communist Potential for Intervention in the Korean War, Volume I, Military Intelligence Section, GHQ (Tokyo: Far East Command, n.d.) 2 Chinese Communist Potential for Intervention in the Korean War, Volume II, Military Intelligence Section, GHQ (Tokyo: Far East Command, n.d.) 3 Chinese Communist Potential for Intervention in the Korean War, Volume III, Order of Battle Annex, Military Intelligence Section, GHQ (Tokyo: Far East Command, n.d.) 917 contd. 14 contd. 4 Chinese Communist Potential for Intervention in the Korean War: North Korean Pre-Invasion Build-up, Military Intelligence Section , GHQ (Tokyo: Far East Command, n.d.) 918 5 "Committee to Restore the Constitution" (Address by Archibald E. Roberts, October 13, 1970) 6 Communist Threat to the United States through the Caribbean, Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws of the Committee on the Judiciary, U.S. Senate (Washington, Government Printing Office, 1970) 7 Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the 85th Congress, 1957-1962 8 "Cuba: Views of the Committee on Pan American Policy" by Charles A. Willoughby. In Christian Crusade (September 1961) 15 1 Défense de L’Occident, June 1961 Die Grosse Rebellion by Juan Maler (Buenos Aires: N.p., 1969) Emergency Detention Act of 1950 Amendments, House of Representatives (Washington: Government Printing Office, n.d.) 2 Espionage and the American Communist Party by C. A. Willoughby. In The American Mercury, January 1959 3 Foreign Assistance Act of 1967, Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1967) 4 Foreign Intelligence Digest, 1969-1972 5 Foreign Intelligence Digest, Miscellaneous 6 “Franco and Spain“ (Address by Col. Robert R. McCormick, February 25, 1950) 16 1-2 Guerrilla Resistance Movement in the Philippines (Parts I and II) by C. A. Willoughby (New York: Vantage Press, 1972)— [only title page and introduction filmed] 3 The Guerrilla Resistance Movement in the Philippines, Military Intelligence Section (Tokyo: GHQ, USAFPAC, 1948), Volume 1, Intelligence Series [see Series IV, Reel 924] 4 The Guerrilla Resistance Movement in the Philippines: Documentary Appendices, Military Intelligence Section (Tokyo: GHQ, USAFPAC, 1948), Volume 1, Intelligence Series [see Series IV, Reel 924] 918 contd. 17 1 Index of Source Material: A Brief History of the G-2 Section, G-2 GHQ, SWPA, and Affiliated Units 2 Intelligence in War: A Brief History of MacArthur’s Intelligence Service, 1941-1951, edited by C. A. Willoughby (privately published) 919 3 Intelligence Activities in the Philippines during the Japanese Occupation, Military Intelligence Section (Tokyo: GHQ, USAFPAC, 1948), Volume 2, Intelligence Series [see Series IV, Reel 924] 4 Intelligence Activities in the Philippines during the Japanese Occupation: Documentary Appendices (I), Military Intelligence Section (Tokyo: GHQ, USAFPAC, 1948), Volume 2, Intelligence Series [see Series IV, Reel 925] 5 Intelligence Activities in the Philippines during the Japanese Occupation: Documentary Appendices (I)—contd., Military Intelligence Section (Tokyo: GHQ, USAFPAC, 1948), Volume 2, Intelligence Series [see Series IV, Reel 925] 6 Intelligence Activities in the Philippines during the Japanese Occupation: Documentary Appendices (I)—contd., Military Intelligence Section (Tokyo: GHQ, USAFPAC, 1948), Volume 2, Intelligence Series [see Series IV, Reel 925] 7 In the Desert by Karl May (booklet) 18 1 Korea and Italy: A Comparative Study 2-4 Leftist Infiltration of SCAP, Parts 1, 2, and 3 (Civil Intelligence Section Special Reports) 920 5-6 Leftist Infiltration of SCAP, Parts 4 and 5 (Civil Intelligence Section Special Reports) 7 Leftist Infiltration of SCAP, Military Intelligence Section, GHQ (Tokyo: Far East Command, 1947)—Final Version 8 "The Liberation of Manila“ by Charles A. Willoughby, July 1945 19 1 MacArthur and the Southwest Pacific Area Series by Charles A. Willoughby. In Christian Crusade (June 1964) 2 MacArthur and His Vanishing War History by Jerome Forrest and Clarke H. Kawakami. In The Reporter, Volume 7, No. 8 (October 1952) 3 Miscellaneous title and table of contents pages for various Willoughby publications 4 Murder International Inc.: Murder and Kidnapping as an Instrument of Soviet Policy, Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Laws, Committee of the Judiciary (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1965) 5 Murder to Order by Karl Anders (London: Ampersand, 1965) 920 contd. 19 contd. 6 New Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam, Part 1, Committee on Internal Security, House of Representatives (Washington: Government Printing Office, April 1970) 921 7 New Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam, Part 2, Committee on Internal Security, House of Representatives (Washington: Government Printing Office, June 1970) 8 No Army, No Navy, No Air Force, Freedom from War: The United States Program for General and Complete Disarmament in a Peaceful World (Linden: The Bookmailer, 1961)—Department of State Publication 7277 9-10 North Korean Pre-Invasion Build-up, Parts I and II (rough drafts) 20 1 Salazar: Prime Minister of Portugal Says . . . by Salazar (Lisbon: SPN Books, n.d.)—both English and French text included 2 Sentinel of the West: Franco and Spain by Franco Salgado and Luis Galinsoga 3 Shanghai Conspiracy: The Sorge Spy Ring by Charles A. Willoughby (Boston: The Americanist Library, 1952) 922 4 [A Partial Documentation of the] Sorge Espionage Case by Military Intelligence Section, GHQ, Far East Command (privately printed for the House of Representatives Committee on Un-American Activities) 5 Duplicate of Folder 4 6 The Summit and the Pit by Charles A. Willoughby. In Foreign Intelligence Digest 7 Tactics, Volumes 6 and 7 [only cover and title page filmed for each volume] 8 The Truth about Korea by Charles A. Willoughby. In Cosmopolitan (December 1951) 21 1 Weekly Crusader, 1960 (with index for Volume 1) 2 Weekly Crusader, January-March 1961 3 Weekly Crusader, April-June 1961 4 Weekly Crusader, July-September 1961 5 Weekly Crusader, October-December 1961 22 1 Weekly Crusader, January-March 1962 2 Weekly Crusader, April-June 1962 3 Weekly Crusader, July-August 1962 4 Weekly Crusader, September-December 1962 5 Weekly Crusader, January-June 1963 6 Weekly Crusader, July-December 1963 922 22 7 Weekly Crusader, 1964 contd. contd. 8 Weekly Crusader, 1966-1967 9 "The Ugly Truth about Drew Pearson" by Billy James Hargis. In Christian Crusade, n.d. 9a The Untouchables by Frank A. Capell (Zarephath: Herald of Freedom, n.d.) The Untouchables, Book Two by Frank A. Capell (Zarephath: Herald of Freedom, n.d.) 10 Up Ye Dead: European Notes on the International and Domestic Policies of the Roosevelt–Truman Regime, 1933-1952 by Charles A. Willoughby (Madrid: Sucesores De Rivadeneyra, n.d.) Series III: Sensitive Materials 923 23 1 Civil Intelligence Section: Periodical Summary by Military Intelligence Section, GHQ, Far East Command, December 15, 1947 Extracted Periodical Summary containing first printing of “The Sorge Spy Ring: A Case Study in International Espionage in the Far East“ 2 Diplomatic Correspondence, 1951-1971 3 Harry Patton Howard Affair, 1957 (Howard’s name included on list of Communists created by Willoughby and inserted in a publication) 4 Gordon Levoy, 1971 (Levoy asks if Willoughby was involved in production of MacArthur movie) 5 “M“ Correspondence, 1951-1971 6 Miscellaneous Reprints 7 Francisco Franco (letter from Franco to Willoughby, 1971) 8 Printed Materials: Interlocking Subversion in Government Departments, Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws, Committee of the Judiciary, U.S. Senate, Parts 21-22, 24-26 (Washington, Government Printing Office, 1954) International Communism: Staff Consultation with General Charles A. Willoughby, Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1958) The Korean War and Related Matters, Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1955) Report of the Rockefeller Committee on Department of Defense Organization, U.S. Senate (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1953) Soviet Schedule for War, 1955, Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1953) 923 contd. 23 contd. Subversive Influence in the Educational Process, Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws, U.S. Senate (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1953) Series IV: Intelligence Series [Open Shelves] 924 A Brief History of the G-2 Section, GHQ, SWPA, and Affiliated Units: Introduction to the Intelligence Series The Guerrilla Resistance Movement in the Philippines, Volume 1, Intelligence Series The Guerrilla Resistance Movement in the Philippines: Documentary Appendices, Volume 1, Intelligence Series Intelligence Activities in the Philippines during the Japanese Occupation, Volume 2, Intelligence Series [in same folder: Documentary Appendices (I), Volume 2, Intelligence Series] 925 Intelligence Activities in the Philippines during the Japanese Occupation: Documentary Appendices (II), Volume 2, Intelligence Series Operations of the Military Intelligence Section, GHQ, SWPA/FEC/SCAP, Volume 3, Intelligence Series (I) Operations of the Military Intelligence Section, GHQ, SWPA/FEC/SCAP, Volume 3, Intelligence Series (II) 926 Operations of the Military Intelligence Section, GHQ, SWPA/FEC/SCAP—Supplement: Korea, 1950-1951, Volume 3, Intelligence Series (III) Operations of the Military Intelligence Section, GHQ, SWPA/FEC/SCAP: Documentary Appendices (I), Volume 3, Intelligence Series Operations of the Military Intelligence Section, GHQ, SWPA/FEC/SCAP: Documentary Appendices (II), Volume 3, Intelligence Series 927 Operations of the Military Intelligence Section, GHQ, SWPA/FEC/SCAP: Documentary Appendices (III), Volume 3, Intelligence Series Operations of the Allied Intelligence Bureau, GHQ, SWPA, Volume 4, Intelligence Series Operations of the Allied Intelligence Bureau, GHQ, SWPA: Documentary Appendices (I), Volume 4, Intelligence Series 928 Operations of the Allied Intelligence Bureau, GHQ, SWPA: Documentary Appendices (II), Volume 4, Intelligence Series Operations of the Allied Translator and Interpreter Section, GHQ, SWPA, Volume 5, Intelligence Series [in same folder: Operations of the Allied Translator and Interpreter Section, GHQ, SWPA: Documentary Appendices (I), Volume 5, Intelligence Series] 929 23 contd. Operations of the Allied Translator and Interpreter Section, GHQ, SWPA: Documentary Appendices (II), Volume 5, Intelligence Series Operations of the Allied Geographical Section, GHQ, SWPA, Volume 6, Intelligence Series 930 Operations of the Allied Geographical Section, GHQ, SWPA: Documentary Appendices (I), Volume 6, Intelligence Series Operations of the Allied Geographical Section, GHQ, SWPA: Documentary Appendices (II), Volume 6, Intelligence Series Operations of the Technical Intelligence Unit in the SWPA, Volume 7, Intelligence Series [in same folder: Volume 6, Intelligence Series “Technical Intelligence“: Documentary Appendices] 931 Operations of the Counter Intelligence Corps in the SWPA, Volume 8, Intelligence Series Operations of the Counter Intelligence Corps in the SWPA: Documentary Appendices, Volume 8, Intelligence Series Operations of the Civil Intelligence Section, GHQ, FEC, and SCAP, Volume 9, Intelligence Series (I) 932 Operations of the Civil Intelligence Section, GHQ, FEC, and SCAP: The Public Safety Division, Volume 9, Intelligence Series (II) [in same folder: Operations of the Civil Intelligence Section, GHQ, FEC, and SCAP: Documentary Appendices (I)] Operations of the Civil Intelligence Section, GHQ, FEC, and SCAP: Documentary Appendices (II), Volume 9, Intelligence Series Operations of the Civil Intelligence Section, GHQ, FEC, and SCAP: Documentary Appendices (III), Volume 9, Intelligence Series 933 Operations of Military and Civil Censorship—USAFFE/SWPA/AFPAC/FEC, Volume 10, Intelligence Series Operations of Military and Civil Censorship—USAFFE/SWPA/AFPAC/FEC: Documentary Appendices (I), Volume 10, Intelligence Series Operations of Military and Civil Censorship--USAFFE/SWAP/AFPAC/FEC: Documentary Appendices (II), Volume 10, Intelligence Series 934-935 Materials not filmed. Reels 934 and 935 not available. 936 23 contd. FEC: Military Intelligence Section, General Staff: Extracts from “The Sorge Spy Ring Case“; Highlights from 30 consecutive exhibits documenting the Sorge case FEC: Military Intelligence Section, General Staff: Appendices to a partial documentation of the Sorge espionage case; Miscellaneous records, Special Branch, Shanghai Municipal Police Authenticated translation of Sorge’s own story, Criminal Affairs Bureau, Ministry of Justice, Tokyo, Japan, February 1942 Extracts from authenticated translation of Foreign Affairs Yearbook (1942), Criminal Affairs Bureau, Ministry of Justice, Tokyo, Japan

Turns out that even Walter Beddell Smith, director of the CIA, like Dulles was on the Board of Directors of United Fruit and Gen. Robert E. Wood formerly of the islolationist America First Committee, and very close to Rev. Gerald L K Smith, was a United Fruit Board Member... These "Banana Men" used slave labor conditions to enrich themselves and they protected their investments by using the U.S. Military and the CIA... United Fruit Company COMPANY Once the single largest owner of banana plantations in Central America (circa 1899). After merging with AMK Corporation, changed its name to United Brands in 1970, and to Chiquita Brands in 1989. Industry: Agriculture EXECUTIVES Name Occupation Birth Death Known for Thomas Dudley Cabot Business 1-May-1897 8-Jun-1995 CEO of Cabot, 1922-60 Walter Bedell Smith Government 5-Oct-1895 9-Aug-1961 CIA Director, 1950-53 PAST BOARD MEMBERS OR DIRECTORS Name Occupation Birth Death Known for Allen W. Dulles Government 7-Apr-1893 29-Jan-1969 CIA Director, 1953-61 Walter Bedell Smith Government 5-Oct-1895 9-Aug-1961 CIA Director, 1950-53 Robert E. Wood Business 13-Jun-1879 6-Nov-1969 Chairman of Sears, 1939-54

In 1798 following Napoleon's taking of Malta, the Order of Malta (Order of St John of Jerusalem) was dispersed, but with a large number of refugee Knights sheltering in St Petersburg, where they elected the Russian Emperor, Paul I as their Grand Master - a rival Grand Master to Ferdinand Hompesch then held in disgrace. Hompesch abdicated in 1799 leaving Paul as the only Grand Master. As de-facto Grand Master, Paul I of Russia created a Russian tradition within the Hospitaller Order - the "Russian Grand Priory" open to all Christians - which whilst it could not be accepted as a canonical part of the Roman Catholic Order, it was never-the-less a de-facto part of the ancient Order. Following Imperial Decrees of Alexander I of Russia in 1810/1811, a fiscal and legal separation of the Russian tradition of St John from the main Roman Catholic HQ was created. The Russian Order was now akin to the German JohanniterOrder, a Johannine tradition, but legally separate. This Russian Hospitaller tradition of St John continued within the Russian Empire, and then into Exile following the Revolution in 1917. Headquartered at first in Paris (1928-1976) under the leadership of Grand Duke Alexander Romanoff, and then in New York (1977 onward) under the elected Grand Prior, Count Nicholas Bobrinskoy, a direct descendant of Catherine the Great. The Russian Grand Priory operates under an Incorporation granted in the USA, with the title of "The Sovereign Order of Orthodox Knights Hospitaller of Saint John of Jerusalem". Paul I had created under Russian Laws Family Commanders of the Russian Grand Priory with Hereditary Rights. It is the descendants of these Commanders who have, with the support of members of the Imperial family, continued that Russian tradition in exile. There are many "Orders" who have sought to claim that they are part of this Russian tradition, but these claims are based on mythical histories with their origins in a self-styled "Order" created in the USA. by a Charles Pichel in the mid 1950s. These can be found via the "Self-Styled Order" Web Page. International Headquarters and Secretariat of the Order: 39 Parkway East Mount Vernon, New York 10552 USA

Kevin Coogan on Pedro del Valle a Draper crony... THE DEFENDERS OF THE AMERICAN CONSTITUTION AND THE LEAGUE OF EMPIRE LOYALISTS: THE FIRST POSTWAR ANGLO-AMERICAN REVOLTS AGAINST THE “ONE WORLD ORDER” The belief that any participation in global institutions such as the United Nations poses a clear threat to national sovereignty has been a cornerstone of the Anglo-American far right stretching back to the 1950s. This study examines one of the earliest of such groups, the Defenders of the American Constitution (DAC), an organization of retired high ranking American military officers that was founded in 1953 and led by former Marine Corps Lieutenant General Pedro del Valle (1893-1978).1 I also look at the DAC’s British counterpart, Arthur Keith (A.K.) Chesterton’s League of Empire Loyalists (LEL), which was founded in 1954. The DAC and LEL continually warned against what they claimed was an attempt by murky international conspirators to strip U.S. and U.K. citizens of all vestiges of national sovereignty and patriotic feeling in order to reduce them to helpless slaves of a vast police state administered under the banner of the United Nations. Anti-globalist arguments first developed by groups like the DAC and LEL in the early 1950s continue to resonate inside the far right militia movement today. The DAC and LEL were equally obsessed with the notion that there existed an organized Jewish conspiracy intent on building a “One World Order.” Although both groups were fiercely anti-Semitic, neither of them was “Nazi.” Appeals – both overt and covert – to National Socialism were absent from their publications. The DAC and LEL existed in a twilight world that included far right military men, religious fundamentalists, Franco supporters, staunch segregationists and longtime anti-Semites. It is the core conspiratorial anti-Semitic belief structure of both organizations that places them well beyond the confines of conventional political discourse. Part One: Pedro Del Valle and the Creation of the DAC WHO WAS PEDRO DEL VALLE? The stereotype of the American far rightist as a buffoonish figure with little sense of the outside world could not be less apt when looking at Pedro del Valle, the DAC’s founder and leader until his death in 1978 at age 85. Pedro Augusto Jose del Valle Barcay Muñoz was born on August 28, 1893, in San Juan, Puerto Rico, when it was still under the control of Imperial Spain. His father, Francesco, a surgeon and former mayor of San Juan, had been educated at the University of Seville, the Sorbonne, and Johns Hopkins. In 1900 Pedro del Valle became an American citizen after his family relocated from Puerto Rico to Maryland. Upon graduation from the U.S. Naval Academy in Annapolis, del Valle joined the United States Marine Corps (USMC). He first saw action in 1916, when he participated in the capture of Santo Domingo. In World War I he led a Marine Corps detachment on the USS Texas that deployed with the British Grand Fleet. In the late 1920s del Valle was stationed in Haiti before becoming active in the war against Augusto Sandino in Nicaragua. He later reported that as a young officer, “I found everywhere evidence of Communist organization commencing with Sandino’s red bandits.”2 He next served in Havana as an intelligence officer under Admiral Charles Freeman following the 1933 Cuban Sergeant’s Revolt. Del Valle was then assigned to Rome, where he served as an Assistant Naval Attaché in the U.S. Embassy from October 1935 to June 1937. He accompanied the Italian Armed Forces in the conquest of Ethiopia as a U.S. military observer and received the Order of the Crown of Italy, the Colonial Order of the Star of Italy, and the Italian Bronze Medal for Military Valor.3 During his stint in Ethiopia, del Valle also became good friends with some of Fascist Italy’s top military officers. Following his return to the United States to attend the Army War College, del Valle worked at USMC headquarters as an Executive Officer in the Division of Plans and Policies. During World War II, he led the 11th Marine Regiment of the First Marine Division in the defense of Guadalcanal where he earned the Legion of Merit. After a brief stint in Washington, del Valle again returned to the Pacific in April 1944, this time as Commanding General of the Third Artillery, Third Amphibious Corps, and fought the Japanese on Guam. His crowning achievement came when, as Commanding General of the First Marine Division, he played a critical role in the capture of Okinawa in June 1945 for which he was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal. After the war, he again returned to Washington serving first as the USMC Inspector General and – from 1946 to his retirement in 1948 – as Director of Personnel for the Marines. After his retirement and in financial debt, del Valle turned to Sosthenes Behn, the head of ITT and an old friend of his father, for employment. Behn first chose him to represent ITT in the Middle East. From his office in Cairo, del Valle visited Istanbul, Damascus, Beirut and Athens. After a short stint at ITT’s Rome office, he relocated to Buenos Aires, Argentina, where he served as president of ITT for all South America.4 OVERTURES TO THE FAR RIGHT Del Valle’s ties to the radical right – ties that almost certainly existed during his Marine Corps days – continued unabated while he worked for ITT.5 On 12/19/49, for example, he sent a letter of support to Conde McGinley, founder of Common Sense, one of the most notorious far right and anti-Semitic journals in America. Del Valle told McGinley, “If the Truman welfare state triumphs we shall lose our republic and emerge a very sad socialist oligarchy which will shortly be overthrown by a communist dictatorship.” In another letter, del Valle reported, “I have warned Senator McCarthy because I know his life is in danger.”6 In an 8/8/50 missive to Captain J.M. Kimbraugh, del Valle claimed Treason is everywhere about us and I do not believe that we have any chance unless some strong military person is able to seize power by means of a “coup d’etat” and take the Communist bull by the horns right at home. In still another letter from Buenos Aires, del Valle said, “If the Truman government were not completely in the power of the Zionist-Marxist minority, we should not have any difficulty” in getting the United States to leave the UN as long as Russia remained a member.7 Del Valle’s increasing public visibility, which included the insertion of his 1951 “Open Letter to President Truman” into the Congressional Record, made Behn increasingly uncomfortable. Nor did his position improve after ITT’s Washington representative labeled him anti-Semitic. In late 1951 del Valle left ITT and returned to his home in Maryland. CLASHES WITH THE CIA While still in Buenos Aires, del Valle regularly wrote letters to the Pentagon and CIA urging them to create a new organization under the command of the Joint Chiefs of Staff to wage guerrilla warfare behind Soviet and Chinese lines, an organization that he offered to lead.8 Del Valle then received an invitation from Admiral Forrest Sherman, Chief of Naval Operations, to visit Washington to discuss his ideas. After arriving in D.C, however, del Valle was told that Admiral Sherman was away but that Walter Bedell Smith, the new head of the CIA, wanted to meet him. One of Eisenhower’s closest aides in World War II, Bedell Smith had just replaced Admiral Roscoe Hillenkoetter at CIA. Instead of discussing plans for guerrilla warfare, Bedell Smith told del Valle that “he had just the job” for him as head of the CIA station in Japan. He did so in the false belief that del Valle “had crossed swords” with General MacArthur during World War II and would therefore be willing to help “pull the rug out from under MacArthur.” Del Valle promptly informed Bedell Smith that he considered MacArthur “the ablest general and statesman the country possessed.”9 The confrontation between del Valle and Bedell Smith also echoed a longstanding dispute inside U.S. Intelligence dating back to World War II when General MacArthur prevented the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), the precursor agency to the CIA, from effectively functioning in areas under his command. The CIA’s reluctance to engage in aggressive “rollback” operations against the Soviet Union further angered hardliners.10 CREATING A POLITICAL/PARAMILITARY NETWORK Del Valle’s clash with the CIA took place at a time when the predominantly Midwest-based isolationist wing of the Republican Party was coming under increasing attack from the internationalist branch of the Party. The internationalists’ roots were largely in East Coast banking and industrial interests as well as in internationalist-oriented policy organizations like the Council on Foreign Relations and the Ford Foundation. Ivy League graduates from elite Eastern families also played a prominent role in organizations like the CIA. The struggle between the “isolationists” and the “internationalists” for the soul of the GOP reached a peak at the party’s 1952 convention. Senator Robert A. Taft, the choice of the isolationists, entered the convention hall with an apparent clear majority of delegates, only to lose the nomination to former General Dwight D. Eisenhower after a series of questionable parliamentary maneuvers disqualified a number of key Taft delegates.11 Del Valle, for his part, set out to organize a network of hard right organizations to galvanize public opinion against the internationalist elite. In a 7/19/51 letter to an American rightist named Jane Graham, he argued, “We must organize the citizens in each state as vigilantes against sabotage and other forms of treason. Then link them up in some national headquarters.” Del Valle initially placed his hopes in America Plus Inc., a Los Angeles-based group that operated in some fourteen states. In an 8/14/51 letter to America Plus leader Irvin Borders, del Valle stated I am going to suggest that we have a body of Minutemen or vigilantes, which in fact all your members are. While your movement is entirely political, the vigilantes could in addition have a semi-military purpose in checking the violence and sabotage, which the enemy constantly perpetrates in our country.12 In an 8/27/51 letter he sent from Buenos Aires to General Douglas MacArthur in New York (with copies to leading right-wingers Merwin K. Hart, Conde McGinley, Major R.H. Williams, California Senator Jack Tenney and Lt. General A.C. Wedemeyer [Ret.]), del Valle called for the creation of The Minutemen of America. Its most important functions would include “Intelligence, Operations, Supply, Finance, Public Relations and Personnel.” The “central authority of the Minutemen” would keep the members advised of sabotage, intended sabotage, and all subversive activities. At such times as appropriate, the necessary action will be taken to supplement the work of the FBI in bringing subversives to justice, and especially in forestalling them in their nefarious activity wherever possible. When confronting “saboteurs,” particularly inside the labor movement, del Valle warned that “great resistance, and some violence, is to be expected.” In his draft articles of incorporation for the Minutemen, del Valle said it would be organized with one squad leader and four men each, at the smallest local level; into platoons of one platoon leader and two or more squads each at the next largest level; into companies of 100 men led by a centurion; commandos led by commanders of two or more companies; into legions of two or more commandos led by a legionary, and finally, at state level, into divisions led by a State Councilor. Del Valle’s draft also included a denunciation of the supposed threat to U.S. sovereignty posed by the UN: Further to corrupt, misinterpret and weaken our national fundamental political philosophy we have become a member of a huge international aggregation, known as the United Nations, into which the United States of America has surrendered a large part of its sovereignty into the hands of a heterogeneous conglomeration of representatives of all races, colors, and states of enlightenment, most of whom cannot properly “represent” their peoples because they did not select them, and none of whose interests exactly coincide with ours. In the United Nations Christianity, the basis of our form of government, can only with difficulty make its voice heard in this modern Tower of Babel amidst the din and clangor of clashing materialistic interests, including those of Soviet Russia, our sworn enemy and protagonists of anti-Christ. Americans, he argued, were especially threatened with proposed international agreements like the “so-called ‘Genocide Convention’” which would allow a U.S. citizen “without his consent, because he has caused mental discomfort to a certain minority, [to] be deported for trial in a foreign land by a foreign court” and thus be denied “our guarantees of free speech, trial by a jury, and habeas corpus.” Del Valle elaborated on his belief that America was under siege in a letter to Marine Corps Colonel Samuel Griffith. He told Griffith: “should our own government unfortunately fall into the hands of the Communist Anti-Christ, I for one will follow my great-grandfather’s example [who fought with Wellington against the French in Spain – KC] and will take to the hills, gun in hand, until I am killed or they are driven out!” LAUNCHING THE DAC After meeting in Washington’s Army-Navy Club in 1953, del Valle, Lt. Col. John H. Coffman, USMC (Ret.), and Lt. Col. Eugene Cowles Pomeroy (Ret.) formed the Defenders of the American Constitution with del Valle as president to spread the anti “One Worldist” gospel into the highest ranks of the U.S. military. Coffman, the DAC’s secretary and legal counsel, had seen action in Nicaragua, China, and Guadalcanal during his service with the Marines.13As for Pomeroy, he had served in World War I as well as on intelligence missions in the Far East.14 An Executive Council also was established with Brigadier General Bonner Fellers (Ret.) as Chairman. Other members included Major General Claire Chennault, USAF (Ret.), one of the leading figures in the pro-Taiwan “China Lobby,” as well as a handful of right-wingers from civilian backgrounds.15 The DAC first gained public notice in December 1953 after Coffman filed a Habeas Corpus proceeding in the U.S. District Court in Washington, D.C., against the Secretaries of State, Defense and the Army in the “Keefe Case,” named after Army Private Richard Keefe, who was serving with U.S. forces in France. After getting drunk one night and driving off from a bistro in a stolen cab, Keefe was arrested by local gendarmes. The French government then decided to put Keefe on trial instead of following the usual procedure of turning him over to American MP’s for an Army court-martial. The DAC turned the incident into a cause celebre and argued that the Senate ratification of a treaty placing U.S. servicemen in foreign countries under the jurisdiction of local authorities was an abrogation of their rights under the U.S. Constitution. The DAC further hoped the Keefe case would aid the Senate’s passage of the proposed “Bricker Amendment” to the Constitution. The measure, introduced in 1951 by Ohio Senator John Bricker in the midst of the Korean War, would have dramatically reduced the power given to the President and Congress by the Constitution to negotiate and sign foreign treaties by making treaty ratification essentially dependent on the approval of the then 48 states. An article in the far right News Bulletin of the Cinema Education Guild, reprinted by the DAC, argued that the Bricker Amendment will permanently curb those starry-eyed dreamers who are obsessed with the illusion that we can solve all of our problems and emerge into a shining new world by just eliminating all national governments . . . and having in their place one big super-duper dictatorship to rule “the brave new world.”16 In April 1953 hearings before Congress, pro-Bricker congressmen mercilessly attacked Secretary of State John Foster Dulles over U.S. involvement in foreign treaties. An exasperated Dulles responded by insisting that the Bricker Amendment would have made even the creation of NATO impossible; an argument that failed to win many converts.17 The Senate finally defeated the Bricker Amendment by a single vote.18 Taking advantage of the controversy surrounding the DAC, del Valle ran for governor of Maryland, only to fail miserably in the Republican primary. The DAC also began publishing its four page monthly newsletter Task Force, whose first issue appeared in May 1954. Its second issue prominently featured del Valle’s “Open Letter to the American People,” where he laid out the DAC’s views on foreign entanglements: We have seen the United Nations fail to promote peaceful intercourse between its member nations, and to become a dangerous international soapbox for the Kremlin. We have seen spies and saboteurs of the Kremlin penetrate almost every branch of our own government. It is reported that there are over five million illegally living in our country. . . .We have seen our every effort to support the real anti-communist nations, Nationalist China, South Korea, Germany and Spain sabotaged by foreign influences. . . . The impotence of the sinister United Nations has been amply demonstrated. . . . Mere numerical majorities of peoples can override our will . . . and can, through the devious means of treaties and conventions forced upon us, open the way for the surrender of our precious Constitution and Bill of Rights. The Beast of the Kremlin sits in the highest councils, together with some of its puppets. Yet Spain, the one country which has defeated communism within its borders in a bloody conflict, is not invited to be a member. Del Valle was not alone in his fervent opposition to the UN. The September 1954 Task Force ran an article that quoted Indiana Republican Senator William E. Jenner, who memorably described the UN Charter as “the machine gun that looks like a baby carriage.” According to Jenner, the UN would abolish the Bill of Rights and replace it with “a body of . . . privileges and duties modeled exactly upon the Soviet Constitution.” North Dakota Republican Congressman Usher Burdick claimed that the “real purpose (of the UN) was to build a world government controlled by the Communists and their dupes in the United States.” THE CONTRADICTIONS OF A “SUPER PATRIOT” Pedro del Valle appeared on the surface to be a somewhat unconventional military man turned super patriot who appealed to the heritage of George Washington and the Founding Fathers. An examination of his personal papers, however, provides a much more complex picture. Although del Valle regularly denounced “big government” for limiting individual freedom – even calling for the abolition of both the IRS and the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) – he clearly admired Mussolini’s Italy. After the war del Valle maintained good ties with Italy’s “Black Prince” Junio Valerio Borghese, whom he had first met during the Ethiopia campaign.19A convicted war criminal, Borghese became one of Italy’s most powerful postwar far rightists as well as the first president of Italy’s neo-fascist Movimento Sociale Italiano (MSI).20 Del Valle also argued that America should back Eastern European governments-in-exile in order to encourage “so-called ‘fascist’ groups” to build a new “underground” should the Soviet Union overrun Europe militarily.21 Del Valle was also close to Franco’s Spain. In a 2/23/50 letter to Nevada Senator Pat McCarran, del Valle even offered to become the first U.S. Ambassador to Spain should America recognize Franco. Through his good friend, the Madrid-based Marques de Prat y Nantouillet, who headed a rightwing religious movement called Active United Christians, del Valle met Franco in 1952. He returned to Spain on other occasions, most notably in 1964 when he tried to help the Marques put together an anti-communist “worldwide Christian movement” with proposed financing from Arab nations and far right Texas millionaires. During this visit, del Valle also met with another good friend, General José Diaz Villegas, a member of the Spanish Army general staff who had a special interest in Africa.22 As a Hispanic Catholic, del Valle had little sympathy for Nordic racialism and Nazi ideology. His view of Nazi Germany, however, was peculiar to say the least. In an 8/9/1962 letter to J. Paul Thornton, a California organizer for the far-right National States Rights Party (NSRP), del Valle said: I knew Mussolini personally and served with his forces in Ethiopia as U.S. observer. I never met Hitler but lived in Germany under his creation and believe he might somehow [have] fought free of his bosses and created a free world far better than the one we now live in. But let this be known! Hitler was sponsored and financed by the same House of Rothschild bankers who eventually liquidated him. From the late 1950s on, del Valle maintained a friendly correspondence with American Nazi Party (ANP) leader George Lincoln Rockwell and he gave Rockwell occasional small financial contributions.23 Del Valle’s main disagreement with Rockwell seems to have been over the fact that the Nazis were anti-Christian.24 Del Valle also had no hesitation in favorably citing a statement from Rockwell’s Nazi successor in his memoir Semper Fidelis.25 THE DAC AND “THE KNIGHTS OF MALTA” While working as an ITT executive in Buenos Aires in 1949, Del Valle became involved with a group called the Suvarov Union, an Argentine-based network of White Russian exiles. The Suvarov Union was led by General Boris Smyslovsky-Holmston, a former White Russian officer who had fought the Bolsheviks during the Civil War. He then joined the German Army as “Colonel von Regenau” and led a fierce guerrilla warfare campaign behind Soviet lines during World War II. Smyslovsky-Holmston told del Valle that he had some 10,000 supporters worldwide who were eager to open up offensive operations in Siberia with American backing should the Pentagon approve such an operation.26 The Suvarov Union, along with a group of far right Russian monarchists based in New York and London, recognized the former Russian Grand Duke Cyril – a Nazi sympathizer who lived in France during the 1930s – as the true Czar.27 The DAC’s involvement with the White Russian community led many of its members to join a far right pseudo-chivalric order known as the “Sovereign Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, Knights of Malta,” which was headquartered in the small town of Shickshinny, Pennsylvania. The Military Affairs Committee of the Knights at one point included an astonishing list of former generals and admirals, including del Valle, Gen. Lemuel Shepherd, Lt. Gen. George Stratemeyer, Maj. Gen. Charles Willoughby, Brig. Gen. Bonner Fellers, Admiral Charles M. Cooke and Rear Admiral Francis T. Spellman among others. The “Shickshinny Knights” were led by Charles Pichel, a Nazi sympathizer in the 1930s who maintained murky ties to the White Russian community.28 Pichel claimed that his Knights represented a branch of the Order that had survived in Russia under the Emperor Paul I after Napoleon had suppressed the main group. He further said he derived his order’s legitimacy from “Czar” Cyril himself. Part Two: The DAC and Conspiracy Theory THE DAC AGAINST “THE UNSEEN MASTERS” Although in outward appearance the DAC seemed to be an association of intensely anti-Communist former military men, Del Valle and his colleagues never truly believed that there was an independent threat to America from Russia. It is striking just how little information there is about Soviet-style communism in the pages of Task Force. There are no informed discussions about Politburo changes, Soviet foreign policy, the Sino-Soviet split, or the composition and deployment of Soviet military forces. This is because the DAC viewed the U.S.-Soviet conflict through an intense conspiratorial prism. The group argued that Russia itself was secretly controlled by a “one-worldist conspiracy” led by Jewish banking houses headquartered in New York City.29 Jacob Schiff, Paul Warburg and Bernard Baruch – and not Vladimir Lenin, Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin – were the real power behind twentieth century Communism. The June 1955 Task Force claimed, “the Communist regimes are weak and their people rebellious. The only strength they possess is the faction within the American government which puts the Soviet Union first.” [italics in original.] This mysterious “faction” was itself, of course, controlled by the Jews. The DAC viewed contemporary world history in general as a massive conspiracy of shadow men, puppets and politicians controlled from behind the scenes by a small cabal of secret Jewish masters. DAC fear mongering came in two basic forms; the first downplayed the Hand of Zion while the second highlighted it. While Task Force perpetually alluded to the existence of a vast shadowy conspiracy, it frequently avoided directly accusing the Jews of being in charge and let the reader fill in the blanks. One example of “Anti-Semitism Lite” comes in an article entitled “Regardless of Who Is Elected President, Invisible Rulers Govern United States” that appeared in the October 1955 Task Force.30 In it we learn that top advisors to President Eisenhower – Including his brother Milton and Nelson Rockefeller – exist “merely to transmit orders handed down from higher sources much as a messenger boy delivers a Western Union telegram.” To see the “Unseen Masters” or “International Conspirators” as composed of “any one racial group as is so often charged” is wrong. But “to the extent that some racial groups’ representation in the World Conspiracy is greater” because “they are more astute at seizing opportunity than others, more avaricious in their greed for power, more skilled in the art of deception and intrigue and more adept in the pursuits which concentrate the bulk of the world’s wealth in their hands,” such observations were accurate. Whatever the racial composition of the conspiracy, “crack-brained” social scientists paid by wealthy foundations and international bankers were now hard at work pushing for “one universal government in which the industrial economy, religious beliefs and social customs of the human race” would be forced into a common mold resulting in “slavery for all men and freedom for none.” The academic eggheads and bankers who used the UN to create the World Bank, the Mutual Trade Agreements Act, and the International Labor Organization were now ready to add on such “little frills as Human Rights, Genocide, UNESCO, the social mixing and inter-marriage of the white and black races” as well as “all the other queer little ideological touches so dear to the hearts of the boys with the tinted lips, mincing steps and high-pitched vocal equipment.” The UN’s proposed power to interfere in domestic legislation would especially wreck havoc with segregation and labor law. As an article in the February 1955 Task Force stated, “Our marriage laws and our laws with relation to employer and employee are no part of the United Nations.” COLONEL POMEROY’S FAMOUS MAP In January 1955, Task Force revealed conclusive proof of the conspirators’ master plan for world domination in the form of a map. DAC vice president Colonel Eugene Pomeroy said that on a 1954 trip to London he had been given the map from a brave British woman patriot who had infiltrated the September 1952 London conference of the World Association of Parliamentarians for World Government (also known as the United World Federalists). The map, which divided up the world into a series of zones and regions with longitude and latitude lines duly noted, was the World Parliamentarians attempt to envision a rationally organized globe and not one split along preexisting national political lines. The DAC, however, saw the map as the blueprint for One World domination that would commence once the UN began changing its Charter. The map split the U.S. into four zones, leading Pomeroy to warn that “a Mau Mau Chief” could rule the South “as Commissar” while the states from “the Atlantic to the Rockies quite likely would be under the dictatorship of Huk Filipinos while the Pacific Coast states in all likelihood could expect a Red Chinese as their overlord.” Because the conspirators desired the standard of living throughout the world to be uniform, they further planned to reduce the average American to “somewhere on a level of an Australian Bushman, and practically all American surplus production would be exported.” The One World economy would be built on “a deforested desert of America.” Pomeroy then warned, The blueprint for One World will not tolerate control of immigration. The United States can expect that its West Coast will be inundated by hordes of Red Chinese coolies. The East and the rest of the country can expect to be overrun by millions from the Levant, India, Malaya, East Indies, Africa. The American branch of the white race will be another “lost race” and would take its place in history along with the Aztecs. Of course to operate this global scheme, force, overwhelming force, is essential. This has been foreseen and every national unit as now existing must contribute recruits for an International Police. We can look forward to being policed by Turks, Hindus, African Tribesmen and Red Chinese distributed throughout the four regions. Pomeroy concluded his article with the prediction that “by 1960, the United States as we know it, Constitution and all, will disappear from the Earth.” Far from repudiating Pomeroy’s extraordinary claims when 1960 came and went, del Valle embraced them. In an 8/30/63 letter to a California far rightist West Wuichet, del Valle wrote: As to the projected sub-division of the USA by the UN, we have absolute proof of this from a fine British lady who became a United World Federalist for the purpose. Task Force has published this un-challenged three times. Make no mistake, this is part of the plan of the take-over. The race war is just the cover for the main operation and has fooled many otherwise intelligent White Christians. Pomeroy’s magic map, a contemporary version of The Protocols of the Elders of Zion, was so popular that Task Force reprinted it three times. The DAC also published the map – along with other documents from the September 1952 London conference of the World Association of Parliamentarians for World Government – as a special pamphlet.31 FROM THE KHAZARS TO THE PROTOCOLS Along with Anti-Semitism Lite, the DAC cognoscenti freely imbibed the harder stuff. A far right book entitled Iron Curtain Over America, which was published in 1951 by John Beaty, served as an ideological linchpin for the DAC. An English professor and former head of Southern Methodist University in Dallas, Beaty had been an Army Intelligence (G-2) officer in Washington from1941 to 1947. Del Valle knew Beaty and, after Beaty’s death, his widow Josephine spent many years as the DAC’s Vice President. Beaty argued in Iron Curtain that Communist Russia was really under the domination of the Khazars, a group originally from the South of Russia that had converted to Judaism in the early Middle Ages. According to Beaty, the Khazars had now taken control of both Russia and America. In his book Religion and the Racist Right, Michael Barkun summarizes Beatty’s argument this way: The reforms of Czar Alexander II, misguided in Beaty’s view, gave the “Judaized Khazars” the ability to infiltrate and corrupt Russia as a whole. They did so with four aims in mind: the development of communism, the fomenting of revolution, the growth of Zionism, and the transfer of their numbers to America. Hence, he argued, they were able not only to seize control of Russia but to provide their conspiracy with an American base as a minority “obsessed with its own objectives which are not those of Western Christian civilization.”32 Beaty further claimed that the Khazars – after more or less taking control over the Democratic Party – tricked America into war with Germany to kill off as many Aryans as possible. The Khazars were simultaneously the masters of Soviet Russia because “Stalin, Kagonovich, Beria, Molotov, and Litvinoff all have Jewish blood or are married to Jewesses.”33 Iron Curtain went through an astonishing seventeen printings in the 1950s. Del Valle publicly endorsed it and helped Beaty distribute copies to select military officers. Other leading retired military men like General George Stratemeyer – himself a member of the Military Affairs Committee of the Charles Pichel-led Knights of Malta – publicly praised Beaty’s opus. When asked by the Jewish Anti-Defamation League (ADL) to repudiate Iron Curtain, Stratemeyer refused to do so and instead publicly attacked the ADL.34 Del Valle’s conviction that Russia was under Jewish control led him to a major clash with Common Sense, a hard right magazine famous for its obsession with Jewish power. A major patron of Common Sense, del Valle served as president of the journal’s parent body, the Christian Educational Fund.35 In its 6/5/1967 issue – around the time of the Six Day War – Common Sense broke with orthodoxy and ran a story suggesting that Joseph Stalin has actually saved Russia from a Trotsky-led Jewish takeover; an opinion not entirely unknown inside the far right. Del Valle, however, was so outraged by the article that he broke his long-standing ties to the journal.36 Del Valle also had no qualms about citing from The Protocols of the Elders of Zion. In an April 12, 1961 speech before the United States Daughters of 1812, he repeatedly invoked The Protocols to prove the existence of an “Invisible Government” that was now hard at work plotting to reduce America to a province or set of provinces in a future World Government centered around the UN. Del Valle also used The Protocols to buttress his claim that “Communism and Socialism” were first introduced to Russia by the Invisible Government to destroy that nation.37 Part Three: The DAC and the Paramilitary Right FROM THE CONSTITUTION PARTY TO GUERRILA WARFARE In 1960 the DAC achieved new prominence inside the far right after Brig. General Merritt B. Curtis USMC (Ret.), the Secretary and General Counsel for the DAC, was chosen as the presidential candidate of the Constitution Party, a third party effort set up to compete in that year’s presidential election.38 The DAC’s role in the Constitution Party seems to have served another purpose as well since there is evidence that the DAC attempted to organize “militia type” networks under the guise of electorial politics. Del Valle’s papers show that the former general played a role in the creation of a shadowy paramilitary network that divided up sections of the United States into four “zones.”39 In a 7/23/1963 letter to Brig. General W.L. Lee, USAF (Ret.), del Valle said that it was agreed to organize everything “under cover of voter organization [for the Constitution Party – KC], which is not inconsistent with our being an effective state militia as well.” Del Valle explained his approach to organizing resistance in the “USSA (United Slave States of America)” this way: My struggle is two-fold: 1. Strictly legal, constitutional, political efforts to restore constitutional government, and 2. alerting all White Christian Americans to the nature of the enemy within and urging that they use Article II of the Bill of Rights to arm and organize for the defense of their homes, families, community, state and country.40 From the 1950s on, del Valle was a featured speaker at countless far right gatherings that included representatives from the KKK, Christian Identity, the Minutemen, the Sons of Confederate Veterans and innumerable other far right splinter groups. He also developed his own information network to keep him abreast of developments inside the radical right.41 COUP FEARS IN AMERICA In an 8/12/1966 letter to the American rightist Mary Davidson, del Valle suggested that the solution to America’s problems was clear: “the only way to cut the Gordian knot is by a military coup d’etat.” Throughout the early 1960s, in fact, the fear of a coup d’etat from either the right or left was surprisingly commonplace. On November 24, 1961, the prominent American syndicated newspaper columnist Drew Pearson published a story in the Washington Post about the increasing turn to the far right by high-ranking U.S. military men. Pearson singled out Major General Edwin Walker, head of the 24th Infantry Division in Germany, for politicizing his troops with rightwing propaganda.42 Pearson highlighted a letter to one of Walker’s military supporters, Arch Roberts, from the French rightist Hillaire du Berrier, who compared the Kennedy Administration’s crackdown on Walker to de Gaulle’s attack on the rebel French generals who led the O.A.S. The article also cited del Valle who, Pearson said, comes close “to urging armed insurrection” when he made statements calling for the “organization of a powerful armed resistance force to defeat the aims of the Usurpers and bring about a return to constitutional government.” The fear that American generals were thinking along O.A.S. lines helped inspire a series of liberal cultural icons from the early 1960s like Seven Days in May and Doctor Strangelove.43 Nor can there be any doubt that far right groups like Robert De Pugh’s Minutemen did in fact fantasize about fighting a guerrilla war against the establishment. Two books, The John Franklin Letters (by an anonymous author) and Get Ye Up into the High Mountains by the Reverend Dallas Roquemore, capture the mentality of many of these far right would-be Che Guevaras. The John Franklin Letters was premised on the idea that after the U.S. has been betrayed into the hands of UN bureaucrats, a civil war ensues that is led by a paramilitary group called the “Rangers.”44 According to The John Franklin Letters: The beginning of the end comes in 1963, when the World Health Organization sends in a Yugoslav inspector, under powers granted by the President of the United States, to search any house he chooses. The Yugoslav discovers in the house of a good American a file of anti-Communist magazines, seizes them as deleterious to the mental health of the community, and is shot by the American, who escapes into the woods. But the infiltration continues. By 1970, the United States has become part of the World Authority dominated by the Soviet-Asian-African bloc, and this Authority suspends the country’s right to govern itself because of the “historic psychological genocide” against the Negro race. United Nations administrators, mostly Red Chinese, are sent in to rule. Harlem, triumphant, arises and loots the liquor stores. The city proletariat, its sense of decency destroyed by public housing, begins to raid the suburbs. In short order, twenty million Americans are “done away with,” while the people are subjected to torture by blowtorch and rock-n’-roll, the latter on television. Meanwhile the good American begins to fight back. As far back as 1967, John Franklin and his friends had been stockpiling rifles. And now they act. Franklin describes in gory detail a total of fourteen patriotic murders: two by fire, one by hammer, one by strangling, two by bow and arrow, one by defenestration, one by drowning and the rest. These brave actions are sufficient to turn the tide – despite the atomic bomb, a huge invasion army, and absolute terror. By 1976, the people all over the world go into the streets, and everywhere Communism falls.45 Roquemore’s Get Ye Up Into the High Mountain served as a training manual both for guerrilla warfare and survivalism and included advice on how to properly mutilate the dead body of the Communist enemy. Like The John Franklin Letters, Roquemore’s book is also premised on a U.S. civil war breaking out sometime around 1970. Although distributed by the far right Liberty Lobby, Get Ye was produced by an extreme rightist organization called The Soldiers of the Cross led by Kenneth Goff. Goff reported that Roquemore, a Baptist Minister, had also worked “with our cadet groups for several years and had developed a corps of young people who can exist in the mountains under the most hazardous conditions.”46 THE PERILS OF “OPERATION WATER MOCCASIN” While liberals fretted that the American military top brass was about to launch a rightwing coup d’etat, the notion that the “Eastern Establishment” elite was conspiring to sell the nation out to the UN became an idée fixe inside the far right. Campaigning in the 1962 California Republican primary for governor, Richard Nixon found himself being bombarded with a pamphlet “with the United Nations insignia on the cover, Department of State Publication 7277.” The pamphlet was presented as proof “that the government was about to sign over America’s armed forces to a Soviet Colonel.” In reality it was a typical UN document outlining the idea of the creation of a UN Peace Force sometime in the distant future to help prepare for a world free from atomic weapons. As the current UN assistant general secretary was a Soviet colonel, however, the far right was convinced that the document really revealed a UN plot to disarm America and hand it over to the Russkies.47 A March 1963 Task Force story on a planned U.S. military maneuver codenamed “Operation Water Moccasin” helped launch another panic wave. According to the Army, Water Moccasin was a planned exercise in counter-insurgency involving 2,000 to 3,000 troops – along with “foreign military participation” – that was scheduled to take place over some 2,500 acres in the backwoods of Georgia. Task Force insisted that Water Moccasin was really a cover for “a crash program to disarm the United States of America and make us a province of the United Nations.” The scare set off by Task Force and other far right outlets forced the Army to dramatically limit the scope of the deployment after frantic calls began pouring in to Congressmen about Water Moccasin. Nor was Water Moccasin the only plot against the Republic. The July 21, 1963 New York Times recorded a host of others: 35,000 Communist Chinese troops bearing arms and wearing deceptively dyed powder-blue uniforms are poised on the Mexican border, about to invade San Diego; the U.S. has turned over – or will at any moment – its Army, Navy and Air Force to the command of a Russian colonel in the United Nations; almost every well-known American or free-world leader is, in reality, a top Communist agent; a U.S. Army guerrilla-warfare exercise in Georgia, called Water Moccasin III, is in actuality a United Nations operation preparatory to taking over our country.48 Del Valle’s papers also provide rare glimpses into the underground world of the far right. He was in contact with the far rightist Col. William P. Gale (Ret.), whom he described as “a natural leader and a fighter and perhaps miscast in a purely political role.” Nonetheless, Gale was “doing a fine job of another sort out there, preparing for the inevitable clash between Christianity and the anti-Christians.”49 Del Valle, however, had problems with Gale and other British Israelites like Wesley Smith. Smith, in particular, was seen as “wildly anti-Catholic.”50 Gale, however, seems to have been considered indispensable. There is also a suggestion that Gale was acting on orders from some unidentified group above him.51 Exactly how much del Valle’s paramilitary network operated in reality – as opposed to Walter Mitty-like fantasy – is hard to determine and many questions remain unanswered.52 It seems undeniable, however, that the DAC was, in fact, committed to building an armed underground resistance movement to the “New World Order” even if the scope of such activity remains highly murky to this day. Part Four: The DAC and the League of Empire Loyalists FIRST OVERTURES The DAC and LEL were set up within a year of each other; the DAC sometime in mid to late 1953 and the LEL in October 1954. (The LEL’s publication Candour, however, began publishing in late October 1953, almost simultaneous with the DAC’s creation.) There were other intriguing similarities. Like the DAC, the LEL had some leading retired military men in its ranks, most prominently Field-Marshal Lord Ironside, who had headed up the British expedition to overthrow the Soviet government in 1919. Ironside was a member of the LEL’s General Council, along with the Earl of Buchan, Lt. General Sir Balfour Hutchison, Brigadier A.R. Wallis and other retired military men.53 Del Valle was also a friend of Admiral Charles Freeman (Ret.).54 Freeman became the U.S. agent for Kenneth De Courcy’s Intelligence Digest after the war. De Courcy, in turn, had extensive contacts with far-right British military and intelligence circles favored by the LEL. The LEL’s founder and leader Arthur Keith Chesterton (better known as “A.K.”) was the cousin of the famous writer G.K. Chesterton. A one-time member of Oswald Mosley’s British Union of Fascists (BUF), Chesterton broke with Mosley in 1938. During World War II, he supported England’s efforts against Hitler and thus never had to face the charge of treason that haunted Mosley throughout his postwar career.55 In the late 1940s, Chesterton even held a fairly prestigious job in Lord Beaverbrook’s press empire. From its inception, the LEL combined “rightwing Tory Empire loyalism and conspiratorial anti-Semitism.”56 Its members regularly heckled speakers and disrupted political meetings, most famously the 1958 Tory Political Conference in Blackpool that culminated in fist fights between League members and Tory stewards. (After that debacle, the Tories implemented strong measures against LEL sympathizers in its ranks.) The LEL also served as the most important training ground for the next generation of British neo-fascists and extreme loyalists. It contained men like John Tyndall, Martin Webster, Colin Jordan and John Bean, men who, after leaving Chesterton and indulging in the Nazi fantasy, returned (with the exception of Jordan) to provide the leadership of the National Front. Chesterton was the focal point of ‘respectability’ around which these men circulated.57 The journalist George Thayer, who interviewed leading members of the LEL, summarized its program this way: 1) British sovereignty should be maintained at all cost; 2) instead of liquidating its Empire, England should continue to build it; and 3) Third World immigration to England must be stopped. For the LEL Any tendency towards world government or international alliances that requires a partial relinquishing of British sovereignty is an anathema . . . The UN, NATO, SEATO, CENTO, and the Common Market are all “monster plots to rob Britain of her independence and strength.”58 In November 1954 the DAC’s co-founder Col. Eugene Pomeroy spent eight days in London where he held extensive talks with LEL leaders. Pomeroy told Task Force readers that the DAC and LEL “have in common the driving force of the same ideology.”59 In a more candid 11/10/54 letter to del Valle, Pomeroy reported that the LEL felt that “the Jews seem to exercise even greater influence here over the British Parliament and politicians than they do at home.” The group was firmly convinced that Winston Churchill and his son Randolph (along with Anthony Eden) were “the abject slaves of Bernie Baruch.” The LEL shared the DAC’s obsession with the “hidden hand.” One 1950s LEL pamphlet, The Menace of World Government, claimed There is a hidden power, which only to close students of international politics is a revealed power, wielded by a known group of international financial interests, who brought into existence the UN and the International Bank as instruments to secure its further advance to world domination. It has openly declared war on nationhood and racial pride. It approves of every approach, direct or functional, which will render mankind defenseless against its cold war in the West and the hot war in Asia to stampede us into NATO, the European Union, and their projected Pacific counterparts. It uses dread of the H-bomb to try to secure acceptance of its full World Government. Once our sovereignty is abandoned, and we are completely at its mercy, it will drop its disguise as the foe of Russian aggression and betray us to the Soviet conspiracy as surely as it betrayed us at Yalta through the incredible simpleton Roosevelt and his incredible adviser, Alger Hiss. Hiss, let it be known, was only a fugleman. His protectors were powerful men who constituted – and still constitute – the effective hidden government of the United States. FROM THE NEW UNHAPPY LORDS TO THE NATIONAL FRONT The LEL’s polemics against the “one world order” culminated with the1965 publication of Chesterton’s book, The New Unhappy Lords (NUL). In NUL, Chesterton set out to document a conspiratorial plot by “Money Power” to establish “world tyranny” by using both “Communism and Loan Capitalism as twin instruments with which to subdue and govern, not the British nations alone, but all mankind.”60 NUL quickly went through several editions and it continues to be sold today. Its success led Chesterton’s biographer to remark that A.K’s “extremely doubtful privilege” is “to go down in modern history as the man most responsible for keeping alive, spreading, and developing the British tradition of conspiracy thinking.”61 Writing in seemingly reasonable tones, in NUL Chesterton attacks British foreign policy for the loss of the Suez Canal and other former colonies as well as for the government’s support for Third World immigration. He also criticized British involvement in a “Federated Europe,” the European Common Market, the Treaty of Rome, and any attempt to implement a NAFTA-like “Free Trade Area” that would bring Britain’s tariff policies into line with the Common Market: This would have meant joining the British economy to competitive economies, and the reservations intended to safeguard the British farmers and overseas producers must soon have been jettisoned, the complementary economy covered by the Imperial Preference system would have been abandoned and the British market flooded by products from Common Market countries with a lower standard of living.62 Chesterton, however, used his critique of what he saw as specific failures by the British establishment to prove that “Money Power’s” hidden hand now pulled England’s strings. His attacks on such elite groups as the Royal Institute of International Affairs (RIIA), the American Council of Foreign Relations (CFR), and the Bilderberger Society as well as on organizations like NATO and the UN, served a larger narrative goal; namely, proving the existence of a vast Jewish conspiracy. In a chapter entitled “Is the Conspiracy Jewish?” he claims that “the major Zionist objective” is no less than “One World.” “Moscow and Peking” were “no more than branch headquarters of the conspiracy” whose “supreme headquarters” for the “overthrow of the West” was actually based in New York. According to A.K., World Jewry is the most powerful single force on earth and it follows that all the major policies which have been ruthlessly pursued through the last several decades must have the stamp of Jewish approval.63 Indeed, “when Hitler rebelled against the Money Power,” World Jewry decided to “smash him and his barter system.”64 Not long after the publication of New Unhappy Lords, Chesterton LEL’s played a pivotal role in the 1967 founding of the National Front (NF), England’s most significant postwar far-right party. The NF was established out of a merger of the LEL, the British National Party, the Greater Britain Movement, and the Racial Preservation Society. Chesterton served as the NF’s chairman for its first four years.65 Unlike the DAC-backed Constitution Party, the NF was a real political force until the late 1970s when Margaret Thatcher’s Tory Party stole much of its anti-immigrant thunder and the group spiraled into rapid decline. DEL VALLE AND CHESTERTON Del Valle and Chesterton maintained regular contacts for two decades. In 1962, for example, Chesterton asked del Valle to supply him with contact addresses for American rightists who might be willing to help Candour out of some serious financial problems.66 After Del Valle sent Chesterton some names, Austin Brooks, the LEL’s number two man, then visited the United States in 1963 on a fundraising tour.67 A.K. also sent del Valle updates on his trips to South Africa and Rhodesia. In 1966 Chesterton asked del Valle to write an introduction to a proposed American edition of NUL that the Chicago-based rightwing publisher Henry Regnery had agreed to issue. Regnery, however, backed out of the deal at the last minute. Chesterton next approached another American conservative publisher, Devin Adair, but it too rejected the book.68 At Chesterton’s request, del Valle searched for yet another American publisher. Through Josephine Beaty, the DAC Vice President and widow of Iron Curtain over America author John Beaty, del Valle found OMNI Press/Christian Book Club located in Hawthorne, California.69 When OMNI’s edition of NUL appeared, it included a short introduction by del Valle that praised Chesterton for bringing the reader “face to face with the fact that a conspiracy to rule the world does exist and that it is rapidly approaching its goal.” NUL also showed that “the powerhouse of this conspiracy resides not in Moscow, nor in London, but in New York.” For del Valle, The New Unhappy Lords was “a treasure house of facts which patriots of all nations can use in the struggle against the Satanic power of the Conspiracy.” SAMOVARS AND SPOOKS The DAC and LEL were also linked to the same White Russian network that del Valle first encountered when he was an ITT executive in Buenos Aires.70 Task Force’s special London correspondent George Knupffer embodied these connections. Born in Saint Petersburg, Knupffer was a leading figure in the White Russian monarchist community in London. He published his own newsletter, The Plain Speaker, while also contributing occasional articles to Candour. Knupffer first met Colonel Pomeroy in London in November 1954 as a representative of “His Imperial Highness” the Grand Duke Vladimir, the son of the late Grand Duke Cyril. Knupffer also helped lead Mladorossy (Union of Young Russia), a far-right and extremely anti-Semitic political organization that maintained a quasi-military wing known as the Russian Revolutionary Forces (RRF). A former intelligence officer himself, 71 Pomeroy used his visit to London to seek out contacts with East European exiles such as General Wladyslaw Anders, a Polish military leader who wanted the West to back a Polish exile army.72 Captain Henry Kerby, the man who arranged Pomeroy’s meeting with Anders, was a former MI6 officer and Russian expert turned Tory parliamentarian. Kerby, in turn, maintained longstanding close ties to Knupffer.73 In his first article for Task Force in December 1955, Knupffer claimed that New York banking houses like Kuhn Loeb were behind the Bolshevik Revolution. He then argued that Russia was no longer completely under the control of the “conspiracy” that had its roots in a two-thousand year old clash of “two Messianisms”; namely, the Christian world view that looked to the “world beyond the grave, of life everlasting” and the messianism that focused on “this world of material power and possessions.” The Russian Communist regime, Knupffer said, was now being forced “slowly but surely” to adjust itself “to the wishes and needs of the Russian people.” Since Moscow “is no longer an effective tool for the achievement of world domination by the materialistic messianists,” if we continue to see only the enemy in Moscow, we will be stabbed in the back by the enemy in New York, who wants to lead us. But that enemy, like the one in Russia, is only using America as a base. Knupffer concluded that both Russia and America were “victims of a subtle and powerful subversive force which they have not recognized in time.”74 In 1956 the DAC touched off a heated controversy after Task Force reprinted a lengthy attack on a Russian exile group known as the National Alliance of Russian Solidarists (NTS) by Peter J. Huxley-Blythe, then a protégé of Knupffer.75 The article, “Insecure Security,” accused the CIA of financing the NTS that Huxley-Blythe claimed was really under KGB control. Knupffer and other White Russian monarchists especially despised the NTS because it had collaborated with CIA plans to balkanize the former Russian Empire by supporting an independent Ukraine.76 Huxley-Blythe’s piece so enraged the Solidarists that Task Force was forced to print a rebuttal by NTS’s Washington representative to avoid a lawsuit. Knupffer and del Valle also tried to develop a far right network around the globe that included a proposed “World Committee for Truth and Liberty.” In a 6/26/1967 letter to del Valle, Knupffer reported that he had visited Rhodesia, South Africa, Portugal, and Spain to seek backing for the committee.77 In his 7/3/1967 letter replying to Knupffer, del Valle noted: There already exists a measure of cooperation between our nationalists and those of other countries, especially yours. Coordination would increase our effectiveness. Chesterton and I have helped one another in a small way . . . I too was in Spain in May and I believe I have good sympathetic contacts there. You may be certain I understand that the sources of help must not be mentioned. I’m sure [Wickliffe] Vennard, Oliver [R.P. Oliver, a leading American far rightist] and [Frank] Serpico [OMNI’s publisher] understand the need for discretion. Finally, both Del Valle and Knupffer became entangled in the weird “Knights of Malta” group headed by Charles Pichel and Del Valle’s continued ties to Pichel, whom Knupffer despised, would eventually end their collaboration.78 Part Five: Conspiracy Theory, Globalization, and the Contemporary Right THE PERSISTANCE OF CONSPIRACY THEORY Even as British National Front flourished in the1970s, the American right populist third party movement led by Alabama Governor George Wallace collapsed in the wake of the Nixon Administration’s “Southern Strategy” and the attempted assassination of Wallace. America’s defeat in Vietnam – combined with the Watergate crisis – led to a further weakening of the right. The 1970s also saw a dramatic decline of the DAC, although Task Force continued to publish and del Valle grew closer to the far-right Liberty Lobby.79 After del Valle’s death on April 28, 1978 at age 85, however, the DAC ceased to exist. The DAC’s addiction to conspiracy theory never waned from its founding to its demise. A conspiratorial mentality, in fact, seems endemic to the American far right. In the late 1950s, for example, the John Birch Society (JBS) arose as the preeminent group on the far right. Although the JBS rejected anti-Semitism, it proved incapable of abandoning a conspiratorial mindset. JBS founder Robert Welsh even famously accused then President Dwight D. Eisenhower of being a conscious agent of the Kremlin.80 In the 1960s a more popular version of the idea that the “Eastern elite” was engaged in weakening America for the benefit of Communism was promulgated in a series of rightwing best sellers; most famously John Stormer’s None Dare Call It Treason and two Phyllis Schlafly books, A Choice Not an Echo and The Gravediggers. Activists from Barry Goldwater’s 1964 presidential campaign spread these and similar writings across the country.81 During the early 1980s, the militia movement rediscovered arguments first advanced by groups like the DAC. Contemporary militia polemics about “UN invaders” on American soil, for example, recycle myths first developed in the1950s. These fantasies were updated to include – among other things – plots involving UFOs, weather control, Satanic cults, the Trilateral Commission and Y2K. We have also seen charges that Bill Clinton murdered one of his close White House advisors and dumped his body in a federal park; Hillary Clinton is a lesbian witch; George Bush Sr. used the phrase “new world order” to speak in code to his Masonic-Illuminati cronies; and that Yale’s Skull and Bones fraternity secretly runs America on behalf of the Illuminati. Although the militia movement covers a wide variety of individuals and organizations, the seemingly endless proliferation of wild conspiracy theories remain central to it. THE RADICAL RIGHT As events have shown, the “hidden hand” model – far from being obsolete – possesses a remarkable ability to mutate with circumstances. The hidden hand model resembles a basic plot narrative or fable that exists in a perpetual state of endless mutation of characters and sub-plots while never losing it major themes.82 Understanding the way rigidly prefabricated worldviews function as internally consistent interpretative systems may usefully supplement more conventional “cause and effect” social science attempts to understand the radical right. Because revolutionary utopian groups frequently derive their identity from a hyper-ideological outlook that does not neatly map onto conventional political logic, we must take this reality into consideration.83 One fundamental question – for me anyway – when looking at anti-globalization movements from both the left and the right is the degree to which they are committed to what is essentially a skeptical (as opposed to Jacobin) Enlightenment view of humanity that posits parliamentary politics as part of a continual debate over the nature of the good. Groups that reject such an approach are frequently predisposed to conspiratorial interpretations of history – no matter how divorced such theories may be from material reality. They can also have a potential “revolutionary” dimension whether or not they function on the far right, far left or in the garb of religious movements/New Age sects. Extremist groups frequently view pluralistic discourse, parliamentary government, and civil society itself – in the form of democratic capitalist, democratic socialist, or even moderate theocratic or monarchic forms – as intrinsically evil. In such a view, the persistence of civil society obfuscates 1)the machinations of a monolithic ruling class for the far left; 2)the domination of evil international Jewish bankers and their Illuminati cohorts for the far right; and 3)the relentless spread of godless atheism for fundamentalist Christians, fanatical Jews, Muslim zealots or New Age millenarian sects.84 In all these cases the fundamental target of critique is, for lack of a better word, the “system” itself. As we have seen in the case of both the DAC and LEL, what such oppositional groups may perceive as an adverse result of globalization – which for the far left could be the increase in the power of multinational corporations, for the far right the rise of foreign immigration, and for the domestic religious right the introduction of competing religious ideologies (all of which are not in themselves intrinsically irrational observations) – are simply used to prove the existence of the larger hidden hand conspiracy. THE JANUS FACE OF THE ETHNOCRATIC RIGHT For purposes of this analysis, I would distinguish between two kinds of groups on the right as “ideal types”; namely, the traditional conservative, either in the Edmund Burke Anglo-American vein or the Christian Democratic Continental tradition on the one hand, and the revolutionary groupuscular right on the other.85 Populist right movements such as Jean Marie Le Pen’s Front National, Gianfranco Fini’s Alleanza Nationale, Jörg Haider’s Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs and similar formations fluctuate between both poles. They may even embrace an ostensible commitment to a “long march through the institutions” while holding on to a conspiratorial way of seeing the world.86 Roger Griffin describes new right populist political parties that accept Enlightenment discourse to some degree (as opposed to merely mimicking pre-war fascist ideology) as being based on “ethnocratic liberalism” which he defines as a type of party politics which is not technically a form of fascism, or even a disguised form, for it lacks the core palingenetic vision . . . Rather it enthusiastically embraces the liberal system, but considers only one ethnic group full members of civil society . . . This contaminated, restrictive form of liberalism poses considerable taxonomic problems because, while it aims to retain liberal institutions and procedures and remain economically and diplomatically part of the international liberal democratic community, its axiomatic denial of the universality of human rights predisposes it to behave against ethnic out groups as violently as a fascist regime.87 To my way of thinking when examining such hybrid formations, one size simply does not fit all. Nor are all these parties frozen in time and incapable of mutation. Griffin’s definition may be more apt in regard to France’s Front National, Germany’s Partei die Republikaner, and Belgium’s Vlaams Blok but such parties, it should be noted, also have a long history of fascist (or Vichy) nostalgia. But does this same model also apply to Norway’s Fremskrittspartei, Holland’s Lijst Pim Fortuyn, Italy’s Lega Nord or Denmark’s Dansk Folkepartiei? Do these parties “axiomatically” deny the universality of human rights just because they object to illegal immigration, high taxes, or full integration into the EU? And where does one place more ambiguous parties like the AN that modeled its own turn away from fascist nostalgia and towards the center-right on the example set by Italy’s Communist Party? While traditional leftist “watchdog” groups often operate on the basis of a 1930s paradigm in which the rise of the populist center-right is invariably prelude to a seizure of power by the far right, this way of thinking may prove as misguided as that of those 1930s American rightists who were convinced that the growth of Roosevelt’s New Deal was paving the way for the Bolshevik takeover of the United States. We may even see the growth of European right parties that mimic more American themes involving low taxes, law and order, small government, and even certain libertarian tendencies rather than more orthodox fascist positions. After all, the right populist parties in Denmark and Norway first arose as popular movements against high taxation, a model that also played an important role in the 1970s America right electorial revival.88 Even the widespread popularity of former New York Mayor Rudolph Giuliani inside an increasingly crime-infested urban France may be indicative of this broader trend. As elements of the European right pass from “groupuscularity” to mass politics at least some groups (or some fractions inside them) may feel increasingly inclined to abandon a commitment to conspiratorial thinking when dealing with issue of globalization. Against this, I would posit the continuing influence of a more marginal and frequently violent fringe right that still inhabit a crepuscular world somewhere between Adolf Hitler and Madame Blavatsky.89 This world – where conspiracy theory easily blends with racial determinism and rampant anti-Semitism – continues to hold high the banner of fascist revolution. One could view the history of the 1970s British NF – which suffered a series of bruising factional struggles between more conventional orthodox Tory-leaning elements and the core fascist nostalgia clique of John Tyndall, Martin Webster and their skinhead supporters for control over the party – in this light. It was in fact the NF’s inability to purge fascists and anti-Semites like Tyndall and Webster from top leadership positions that dramatically contributed to its political marginality in spite of its popular views against immigration. In that sense the NF may have been the result of two outside bodies of political gravity, the hard groupuscular right and the right Tory establishment, covertly fighting each other for the future direction of the party. The same may be true in regard to the fights between Le Pen and Bruno Mégret in the FN and between Fini and Pino Rauti inside the old MSI. A rough model that incorporates the groupuscular right, the right populists, and the establishment right might look something like this: Right Radical Groupuscule Right Populist Party Established Conservative Party Strong tendency to conspiracy theory, Hatred of conventional parliamentary politics Strong ideological commitment the main force holding the group together Prone to deadly factionalism inside rigid internal structure Base frequently from fringe bohemian elements of society / Pagan, atheist, extreme Christian Examples: Unite Radicale/Young Europe/National Alliance Fluctuating influence of conspiracy theory and ideology, waivers between parliamentary and groupuscule practices and worldviews Frequently has both authoritarian/charismatic leader as well as strong factional opponents willing to split from the party Marginalized elements of established religious groups (Lefebrve Catholics/Ulster Protestants) and small businessmen Examples: Front National, Alleanza Nationale/1970s British National Front Rejects conspiracy theory Parliamentary Practice Tendency to pragmatically moderate ideology in order to maintain power Marked by internal faction fighting within context of broader unity and willingness to compromise Backed by established religious and business tendencies Examples: Tory Party Christian Social Union Christian Democrats → ↔ ← There may well exist fuzzy (and at times not so fuzzy) crossovers between elements of the Janus-face “ethnocratic” right and the more “groupuscular” radical right, including a shared interest in conspiracy theory. However, political formations from the right may also continue further down the parliamentary path just as the Italian Communist Party did from the left.90 One possible way to determine where the actual center of political gravity lies inside such parties would be to seriously examine both the extent to which a particular party’s literature and rhetoric either actively promotes or panders to variations on the hidden hand conspiracy theory in explaining issues related to globalization as well as how influential and widespread these views are among the group’s members. Conclusion Looking back on the DAC and LEL, it is clear that they were among the first radical right groups to operate in an “interdependent world” and with the multinational institutions – the United Nations, the World Bank, NATO, SEATO, and the European Common Market – that helped shape it. Far from being “isolationists” in the case of the DAC – or “anti-American” as the LEL is sometimes described – both groups saw themselves as part of a worldwide “counter-conspiracy” against their imagined enemies. Using conservative rhetoric and patriotic images, they actually expressed deeply radical views directed against the established political, cultural and economic elites of their time. The ferocity of their fervor against the “one world order” strongly suggests that they didn’t simply react to the creation of groups like the UN or the World Bank in a cause and effect way. If anything, I would argue that it was their pre-existing conspiratorial ideology that allowed them to see such institutions as demonic in the first place. Because this was so, their views were largely immune to logical refutation, as the case of Colonel Pomeroy’s famous map so vividly demonstrates. Yet an unswerving commitment to a rigid conspiratorial worldview can easily doom a group to political marginality. In the case of the DAC, it is clear that it first emerged not from the streets but from former high-ranking U.S. military officers who mirrored beliefs held in broader layers of society.91 At its inception, the DAC maintained ties to important sections of the Republican Party just as the LEL included sympathizers from the Tories. Yet as anti-Semitism continued to be further and further discredited in the 1950s – while the threat of Soviet Communism increased – the DAC and LEL remained incapable of ideologically adapting to the new reality. As a result, they quickly went from being influence peddlers on the fringe of well-established parties and institutions and entered into a shadow world of political and social marginality from which they never returned. Their very marginality, paradoxically, led them to play an ideologically – and at times organizationally – significant role in the rise of new radical populist tendencies from the right. Finally, a more careful examination of the complex role that conspiracy theory plays both within the far right and the larger community as a whole may, I suggest, give us further insight into predicting how such groups will respond to broader issues related to globalization. The power that conspiratorial thinking of the most virulently anti-Semitic and anti-Western form now holds in large sections of Muslim societies further reminds us that the issues addressed in this paper are far from being limited to either the United States or Europe.92 An investigative journalist, Kevin Coogan is the author of Dreamer of the Day: Francis Parker Yockey and the Postwar Fascist International (New York: Autonomedia, 1999).

I have long been searching for the one common theme that would link together the activities of The John Birch Society (Robert J. Morris, Edwin A. Walker and Charles Willoughby), the International Committee for the Defense of Christian Culture (H. L. Hunt and Nelson Bunker Hunt, Douglas MacArthur and Charles Willoughby), The Shickshinny Knights of Malta (list to be provided, but all were sword carrying, sabre rattling, Catholics who had sworn to lay down their life for any Bishop, Archbishop or the Pope in Rome, The America First Party of GLK Smith who chose Douglas MacArthur as their 1952 Presidential Candidate, The American Mercury of arch-Catholic millionaires like Clendenin J. Ryan and J. Russell Maguire, CUSA of Robert J. Morris, The World Anti-Communist League of Ray S. Cline and Roger Pearson which apparently was actually started by John Foster Dulles of United Fruit, Allen Dulles of the OSS and Gen. Douglas A. MacArthur in 1947 as APACL, The Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia (ROCOR) of the de Mohrenshcildts and Anastase Vonsiatsky and the Coudert Brothers law firm, Charles Willoughby's, Edward Hunter's and Bonner Fellers' Anti-Communist Liaison Committee of Correspondence, and The Manchurian Candidate crowds of Richard Condon who were almost universally arch-Catholics, pro-Fascists, racists, military war mongers and anti-Semites all rolled into one cohesive entity. And it took postings by Terry Mauro, Bill Kelly, Thomas Purvis and Tom Scully to jog my memory about certain aspects of these internecine interlocked directorships and it took a meeting with Joel Gruhn when he challenged me to show how these "Park Street Patriots", staunch Ukrainian anti-Communists, the right wing nuclear Armageddon military leaders depicted in "Dr. Strangelove", and "Right-Wing Business Leaders" could actually manage to pull this entire thing off. And it helped a lot as I watched some posters on this site who started manifesting some typical signs of being "extensively brainwashed" themselves by the likes of Oliver, Corso, GLK Smith, Morris, Willoughby, etc. And then I started to review the history of the OSS vs. Army Intel internecine struggles and how they scapegoated each other from the mid-1940's well into the mid-1970's and it became apparently clear to me that Morris, Smith, Oliver, Corso and Willoughby have performed one of the greatest scapegoating and brainwashing coups in history and that some of its victims have yet to be thoroughly deprogrammed as of today and they are sitting right next to you on this forum and at JFK conferences. Amazing Stuff! And if Don ("Mr. Science Fiction") Jeffries didn't make the outrageous statement that GLK Smith was some kind of washed up, marginal figure, who was far beyond his prime, and incapable of being an important person at the Giesbrecht Incident, I would not have been inspired to re-think the role of GLK Smith once again and prove just how important he was in the entire JFK hit. Thank you Don, for the inspiration. And if Bernice Moore and Bill ("BK/ULTRA") Kelly had not launched that preposterous campaign trying to prove that the little pipsqueak, David Ferrie, was really at the Giesbrecht Incident instead of Gerald L. K. Smith ("Christ of the Ozarks") some of this might never have happened as quickly as it did. Some of my best work is done by refuting, debunking and embarrassing some of the most nonsensical, marginal, illogical and irrelevant critics. Thanks for helping me out on this courtesy of BK/ULTRA and his numerous little minions, parroting his trite phrases, innacuracies and irrelevancies on command. They are second tier and second generations of the great brainwashed crowd. Is it like a virus, spread on contact, or is the information just communicated "mouth-to-mouth because the printing press had not been invented yet" as some college student once postulated in "Non Campus Mentis" a NY Times bestseller from a couple years back. It is one of the funniest laugh out loud books I have ever read in my life. Get it. Your belly will ache from laughing so much. Samples to follow. Ever hear of Edmund Bernay the Father of Public Relations and Spin Control and Influencing Public Opinion? More to come on him later. He is credited with convincing the Press and the Politicians of the day that Jacobo Arbenz in Guatamala was truly a sinister and dangerous Communist leader who had to go. And after teaching the Dulles Brothers how to do it, the same campaign was launched against Castro who was much more Communist than Arbenz by a longshot. Arbenz may have just been an opportunistic banana republic capitalist who thought it was a good idea to appropriate United Fruit's banana plantations for the benefit of those who had voted him into office. And then while he enriched himself and his cronies he was called a Commie to boot? They must have toasted themselves with Champagne and just laughed uproariously at that idea. In any event they were deposed shortly thereafter by a landing party of about 300-350 men just about matching the number of the Bay of Pigs landing party (200-250 maybe). And it was Allen (Banana Man) Dulles who convinced them that he could depose Castro in Cuba just like he did it with Arbenz in Guatamala where he pulled off what I call a "radio broadcast scam" using Orson Welles "War of the Worlds" styled tactics to make Arbenz think that the invasion landing force was much larger than it really was. Nice trick, wonder if I could ever pull that off? And finally it struck me like a bolt out of the blue. They were ALL Carlist arch-Conservative pro-fascist Catholics and almost all of them had appeared one way or the other, in the novel: The Manchurian Candidate by Richard Condon in 1958. Case Closed. Do you know what a major breakthrough this has to be for the entire JFK Assassination Plot and the Unified Conspiracy Theory? I had been following almost all of these people on and off for about 10 years, but without finding any other common bond among them except for the fact that almost all of them appeared in The Manchurian Candidate by 1959. Now it is apparent that they were all united in the theme of "Killing Commies for Christ" which was a popular bumper sticker in Cambridge during the late 1960's. It always brought a little smile of irony to my mouth, but the full significance only began to sink in over time. One part of this crowd was truly driven by this sort of Utopian idealistic almost religious fanatical fervor but another group was only motivated by the need to protect their investments in various Banana Republics an oil producing regions, and to regain their investments in Soviet Russia. And now finally I think I have found it, thanks to a posting by Terry Mauro, \"Our Miss Brooks\", about Warren H. Carroll from H. L. Hunt's Lifeline program and his links to Robert J. Morris, and William F. Buckley and Jr., L. Brent Bozell and Christendom College who both wrote for The American Mercury and were YAF founders. Apparently Bozell made a trip to Spain, just like Willoughby did to deliver arms to Franco, his idol, and came back enthralled with the teachings of a person named Don Carlos, after whom Carlism is named: http://books.google.com/books?id=5gJoqTDzo...num=3#PPA122,M1 The presence of so many arch-Conservative Catholics in the JFK plot has always sort of mystified me as it may also have mystified those of you who are inquisitive, analytical, incisive and indefatigable, terms which I readily apply to myself. It became obvious, slowly over time, that these people had many common bonds not the least of which was their staunch anti-Communism, their arch-Conservative Catholicism, their pro-Fascism and their obeisance to The Pope in Rome, although not all of them shared all of these common bonds: Truly they all believed in \"Killing Commies for Christ the King\" and they were all lividly and vociferously anti-Communist Dr. Robert J. Morris, McCarthyite, Catholic, Fordham University Otto F. Otepka, McCarthyite, Catholic University Senator Joseph McCarthy, Catholic, pro-Fascist Clendenin J. Ryan, Catholic, Carlist, pro-Fascist, American Mercury J. Russell Maguire, Catholic, Carlist, pro-Fascist, American Mercury Ulius L. Amoss, Catholic, anti-Communist Clarence Manion, dean of the Notre Dame Law School, arch-Catholic conservative, Bircher H. L. Hunt, Catholic?, pro-Fascist, ICDCC N. B. Hunt, Catholic?, pro-Fascist, ICDCC William F. Buckley, Jr., Catholic, Carlist, pro-Fascist, American Mercury Frank C. Hannighan, Catholic, Human Events, Draperite, pro-Fascist William F. Buckley, Sr., Catholic, Carlist, pro-Fascist James J. Angleton, Catholic, Carlist, pro-Fascist, CIA Half the membership of The Council for National Policy were Catholic, anti-Communist, pro-Facist Hugh James Angleton, his father, Catholic, Carlist, pro-Fascist, anti-Pancho Villa Maj. Gen. Charles A. Willoughby, a true Franco Falangist and Carlist Catholic, American Mercury Brig. Gen. Bonner Fellers, Catholic, pro-Hitler Falangist, American Mercury, Shickshinny Knights of Malta Tsar Anastase Vonsiatsky, Catholic, pro-Hitler, Russian Orthodox Catholic, St. Nicholas Cathedral in NYC, Park Avenue Patriots George de Mohrenschildt, Catholic, pro-Hitler, Russian Orthodox Catholic, St. Nicholas Cathedral in NYC, Park Avenue Patriots Dallas petroleum geologists and Marina Oswald, pro-Fascist, Russian Orthodox Catholic Gen. Albert C. Wedemeyer, Catholic, pro-Hitler Gen George C. Stratemeyer, Catholic, pro-Hitler Paul E. Weyrich, Catholic, Heritage Foundation, Pioneer Fund advocate Ray S. Cline, Georgetown University, Catholic, CSIS, WACL Laurence Dennis, Catholic, pro-Hitler, Fascist George Sokolosky, American Mercury, Catholic, pro-Hitler, Fascist Westbrook Pegler, American Mercury, Catholic, pro-Hitler, Fascist Any more to add to this list? These guys certainly knew how to "mobilize resentment" with the best of them... Why we even have some resident experts on that right here in "River City"... How gauche. They put together "politically incensed anti-Castro exiles" with "anti-Semites and racists incensed by recent Civil Rights gains like the Mississippi crowds" with "Eugenicists, anti-Semites and racists from DAC, The John Birch Society, Smith's America First Party and The Pioneer Fund incensed by just about anything and anyone" to form what could perhaps be called the most violent and virulent coterie of affiliated "Hate Groups" in existence. It was more than just the "Department of Agitation and Propaganda" (AgitProp) although they had that covered, too. It was the "Department of Aggravation, Xenophobia, Elimination and Paranoia" all rolled into one. To get into this club you had to prove that you were not only capable of violence but that you had actually been involved with killing some of the "common enemies" of this little politburo for the Nazis. "The DAC’s involvement with the White Russian community led many of its members to join a far right pseudo-chivalric order known as the “Sovereign Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, Knights of Malta,” which was headquartered in the small town of Shickshinny, Pennsylvania. The Military Affairs Committee of the Knights at one point included an astonishing list of former generals and admirals, including Pedro del Valle, a Draper confidante, Gen. Lemuel Shepherd, Lt. Gen. George Stratemeyer, Maj. Gen. Charles Willoughby, Brig. Gen. Bonner Fellers, Admiral Charles M. Cooke and Rear Admiral Francis T. Spellman among others. The “Shickshinny Knights” were led by Charles Pichel, a Nazi sympathizer in the 1930s who maintained murky ties to the White Russian community. Pichel claimed that his Knights represented a branch of the Order that had survived in Russia under the Emperor Paul I after Napoleon had suppressed the main group. He further said he derived his order’s legitimacy from “Czar” Cyril himself." Citation from: http://www.iisg.nl/research/coogan.doc Download it and read it for yourself. It is a long download however. So don't bail out. There were a whole slew of Unitarians/Quakers/Presbyterians involved, too, and everyone on this list were considered to be "religious freaks" of one form or another Wickliffe Preston Draper, John Birch Society, Unitarians, anti-union, anti-Communist Robert J. Welch, John Birch Society, Unitarian, anti-union, anti-Communist George Michael Evica's Unitarians from The Albert Schweitzer College Andrew Preston's fellow Unitarians like Wickliffe Preston Draper, Andrew owned Boston Fruit Company which became United Fruit Michael and Ruth Paine perhaps as Quakers/Unitarians John Foster Dulles and Allen Dulles, sons of a Presbyterian Minister, and heavily involved with United Fruit John M. Cabot president of United Fruit and the Forbes family, Unitarians/Presbyterians? And apparently they all hated JFK because he just wasn\'t anti-Communist ENOUGH for their liking And apparently they all hated JFK because he just wasn\'t Catholic ENOUGH for their liking And apparently they all hated JFK because he just wasn\'t pro-Fascist ENOUGH for their liking They would all have agreed with the statements of GLK Smith.... "The Kennedy brothers are nothing but whore-mongering, whisky-swigging, fake Catholics who are trying to take away this country from all the God-fearing, Bible-reading White American Christians like you and me and give it back on a silver platter to all the Spics, the Jews and the Nigg-rows.\" Case Closed. Now that others have jumped back onto this Carlist Catholic, William F. Buckley, Jr. and Sr. topic related to Christendom College and Warren H. Carroll, from H. L. Hunt\'s Lifeline Program and Robert J. Morris\'s CUSA programs. this posting can be seen for what it really is. The true origins of what I can only call \"Carlist Catholic Fascism\" started when Buckley\'s father, Draper\'s Uncle, James J. Angleton\'s father and a young Charles Willoughby himself who was a pro-Franco Spanish Carlist Catholic and in the Shickshinny Knights of Malta all rode together in John J. Pershing\'s cavalry chasing Pancho Villa into New Mexico. THIS IS JUST SOME REALLY AMAZING STUFF WHEN YOU CONSIDER THE IMPLICATIONS HERE.

MK/ULTRA AND THE H. SMITH RICHARDSON FOUNDATION Although often associated with the passel of foundations that buttress the American right-wing—including, among others, the Scaife, Castle Rock, and Bradley foundations—the Smith Richardson Foundation (SRF) donated the vast majority of its nearly $170 million in grants during 1996-2005 to educational institutions and scholarly endeavors. Its two largest grantees during that period were Yale and Harvard, both of which received more than $7 million. However, coming in at a not-so-distant fourth place was the American Enterprise Institute (AEI), a cornerstone think tank of neoconservatism, which received just under $6 million during the period.1 Created in 1935 by H. Smith Richardson, son of medicine entrepreneur Lunsford Richardson, the inventor of Vicks VapoRub, the foundation is managed by members of the Richardson family, whose various drug companies have created a number of well known products, including Clearasil, Nyquil, and Oil of Olay cream.2 The foundation’s mission is to “contribute to important public debates and to help address serious public policy challenges facing the United States. The Foundation seeks to help ensure the vitality of our social, economic, and governmental institutions. It also seeks to assist with the development of effective policies to compete internationally and to advance U.S. interests and values abroad.”3 The foundation’s International Security and Foreign Policy Program, according to its website, has in recent years “sought to assist the policy community’s efforts to combat global terrorism by supporting projects on critical issues, such as improving intelligence gathering. Because the battle against terrorism will also be fought on the ideological front, the Foundation has supported projects on improving U.S. public diplomacy in order to promote democracy and to give foreign publics a better understanding of U.S. policies.”4 Together with the Olin and Bradley foundations, Smith Richardson has been a key supporter of AEI since the Ronald Reagan presidency, when the think tank emerged as an influential policy shop.5 SRF also helped foster the work of early neoconservative figures like Midge Decter, Norman Podhoretz, and Irving Kristol through its support of the various institutions they have been helped lead, including The Public Interest, Commentary, and the Committee on the Present Danger.6 Today, despite its support for centrist-oriented think tanks like the Brookings Institution and the Carnegie Endowment,7 the foundation remains a major financier of neoconservatism, funding several other organizations frequently associated with that political faction, including Freedom House, the Hudson Institute, and the Manhattan Institute.8 From Reagan to Today Leslie Lenkowsky, SRF’s director of research in the early 1980s who later served as head of the Corporation for National and Community Service in the George W. Bush administration, once said of the foundation’s work, “We don’t create ideas, we nurture them, a bit like fertilizer. … If the sprout is there, we make it grow into a mighty oak.”9 In particular, Lenkowsky thought that Podhoretz’s and Kristol’s ideas would “have a long-term impact” on how people thought about public affairs.10 Building on this support, Kristol helped convince Smith Richardson to back Jude Wanniski’s research on supply side economics. Wanniski’s publications served as a guide for Ronald Reagan’s economic policies when Jack Kemp, convinced of the theory’s merits by Kristol, brought it to Reagan’s attention.11 Lenkowsky also oversaw SRF’s efforts to fund college newspapers, including The Dartmouth Review, where a young Dinesh D’Souza got his start. As editor-in-chief, D’Souza used the newspaper to out homosexual students by investigating subscribers,including their parents. Files from the university’s Gay Student Alliance, apparently stolen, appeared in the paper, some of which contained “names and parts of letters written by lonely students.” D’Souza went on to be a key crusader against the so-called liberal bias in universities, beginning with his book Illiberal Education. SRF joined with other conservative foundations to fund much of this work.12 Devon Gaffney Cross succeeded Lenkowsky as SRF’s director of research, serving two years in that post during the mid-1980s. Gaffney Cross, the sister of Reagan-era defense official Frank Gaffney Jr.—head of the hawkish Center for Security Policy—has also served as a director of the neoconservative advocacy group the Project for the New American Century and worked as an advisor to the Lincoln Group, the controversial “strategic communication management” firm that was awarded a Pentagon contract to work in Iraq in 2004, “after military officials concluded that the United States was failing to win over Muslim public opinion.”13 In 1981, SRF provided seed money for the Friends of the Democratic Center in Central America (Prodemca), a hardline group involved in implementing U.S. foreign policy in Central America. In 1986, a member of Prodemca’s executive committee, Penn Kemble, an early neoconservative trailblazer, told the Washington Post that the National Endowment for Democracy (NED), another SRF grant recipient, had given his group $400,000. According to Sidney Blumenthal, Prodemca had been “funneling most of the money to opponents of the Sandinista government in Nicaragua.” Prodemca spokespersons denied using NED-supplied monies to secure newspaper ads supporting U.S. funding for the Contras.14 Also in the early 1980s, Smith Richardson teamed up with other conservative foundations to support the Capital Legal Foundation, which in 1984 was involved in defending Gen. William Westmoreland in his suit against CBS for a documentary made about his Vietnam years. The lawsuit turned political when Westmoreland’s lawyers complained that the law firm CBS employed was creating an unequal playing field in the courtroom. CBS lawyers countered that conservative philanthropies such as Scaife (the largest backer), Olin, and Smith Richardson were “using the general to advance their own objectives: to legitimize the Vietnam War, intimidate the media, and lower the legal obstacles to libel judgments.”15 In 2000, SRF provided startup funds to the Dui Hua Foundation, an International Republican Institute-sponsored organization that addresses issues concerning Chinese political prisoners. Also regarding China, SRF sponsored a RAND study that analyzed hypothetical scenarios were the United States to defend Taiwan against a Chinese attack.16 SRF has also been a major backer of controversial domestic policy programs and causes. It supported the Center for Individual Rights (CIR), which has litigated free speech cases and advocated against “political correctness” codes—most notably by defending professors accused of sexually harassing students. Said CIR’s director of research, Robert R. Detlefsen, “Many of our clients would be white male college professors because these are the folks who find themselves victimized by political correctness.”17 The foundation supported the American Enterprise Institute-Brookings Joint Center for Regulatory Studies, a research initiative created to assess the business impact of environmental regulations which in 2001 was given the dubious distinction of being named the Clean Air Villain of the Month by the Clean Air Trust. Described as a “polluter friendly” organization, the Trust accused the center of trying to associate smog cleanup operations with higher cases of skin cancer among the population.18 Then-AEI president Christopher DeMuth was a contributing analyst to the project; Robert W. Crandall and Clifford Winston represented Brookings.19 Legal Problems In November 2003, Connecticut Attorney General Richard Blumenthal opened an investigation into the funding practices of Smith Richardson and The Beinecke Foundation—both based in Connecticut. The Boston Globe reported that SRF’s top executives—Peter Richardson, Marin Strmecki, and Robert L. Coble—had their vehicles paid for by the foundation. Richardson, whose annual salary at the time was $364,000, drove a $63,000 Audi A8 luxury sedan, while the other two, whose annual salaries were $225,000, owned an Audi station wagon and Jeep Cherokee, respectively, which each cost roughly $36,000.20 Reported the Boston Globe: “In an interview, Richardson said he could not recall how the cars were approved by the foundation, which funds public policy research. Of his Audi, Richardson said, “I wanted to get a safe sedan.” Smith Richardson also spent $6,700 for a portrait of a family benefactor, $2,600 on a chair, and bought four lamps at $1,300 a piece.”21 Sources 1. Mediatransparency.com, “Smith Richardson Foundation Grant Recipients,” http://www.mediatransparency.org/recipient....php?funderID=6. 2. Dana Canedy, “H. S. Richardson, 79, Dies; Heir to Vicks Cold Remedies,’ New York Times, July 31, 1999. 3. Smith Richardson Foundation, “Mission,” http://www.srf.org/mission/ (accessed February 10, 2008). 4. Smith Richardson Foundation, “History”; Smith Richardson Foundation, “International Security and Foreign Policy Program,” http://www.srf.org/grants/international.php (accessed February 10, 2008). 5. See Irving Kristol’s comment on the importance of Olin and Bradley to AEI, in Irving Kristol, Neoconservatism: The Autobiography of an In Idea, Free Press, 1995, page 33. 6. Bernard Weinraub, “Institute Plays Key Role in Shaping Reagan Programs,” The New York Times, January 14, 1981; Bernard Weinraub, “Foundations Assist Conservative Cause,” The New York Times, January 19, 1981; Kathleen Teltsch, “400 Intellectuals Form ‘Struggle for Freedom’ Unit,” The New York Times, February 19, 1981 7. Foundation Center, Smith Richardson Foundation 990 IRS Form, 2007, http://dynamodata.fdncenter.org//990pf_pdf...00712_990PF.pdf 8. Foundation Center, Smith Richardson Foundation 990 IRS Form, http://dynamodata.fdncenter.org//990pf_pdf...00712_990PF.pdf 9. Bernard Weinraub, “Foundations Assist Conservative Cause,” The New York Times, January 19, 1981 10. Bernard Weinraub, “Foundations Assist Conservative Cause,” The New York Times, January 19, 1981 11. David Shribman, “Washington Talk; Neoconservatives and Reagan: Uneasy Coalition,” The New York Times, September 27, 1981; Walter Goodman, “Irving Kristol: Patron Saint of the New Right,” The New York Times, December 6, 1981 12. Dudley Clendinen, “Conservative Paper Stirs Dartmouth,” The New York Times, October 13, 1981; Evan McKenzie, “Right-wing Money Creates a Political Issue,” St. Petersburg Times Florida, June 26, 1991 13. Jeff Gerth and Scott Shane, “U.S. Is Said to Pay to Plant Articles in Iraq Papers,” The New York Times, December 1, 2005; Devon Gaffney, Research Director, Engaged to Marry Jay Cross in June,” The New York Times, April 9, 1989. 14. Sidney Blumenthal, “Grantee of U.S. Endowment Funds Sandinista Opponents; Group’s Advertisements Urge Aid for Rebels,” The Washington Post, March 19, 1986 15. David Margolick, “Westmoreland V. CBS: Legal Drama Intensified by 2 Contrasting Lawyers,” The New York Times, May 31, 1984; George Lardner Jr., “Pittsburgh Millionaire Financed Westmoreland’s Suit against CBS; Scaife, of New Right Causes, Paid Much of $3 Million Tab,” The Washington Post, February 28, 1985 16. Julie Chao, “China Invites Activist to Discuss Prisoners,” The Atlanta Journal and Constitution, May 1, 2000; Ching Cheong, “U.S. Think Tank Tests Out War Scenarios,” The Straits Times (Singapore), December 1, 2000; Rosenberg, “John Kamm’s Third Way,” The New York Times, March 3, 2002 17. Evan McKenzie, “Right-wing Money Creates a Political Issue,” St. Petersburg Times, June 26, 1991; James Andrews, “Conservative Law Groups Adopt Liberals’ Model,” Christian Science Monitor, October 3, 1994; Davidson Goldin, “Law Center Wages a Fight against Political Correctness,” The New York Times, August 13, 1995 18. 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Certainly the time is ripe for us all to finally admit that the role of William F. Buckley and The Coudert Brothers Law Firm who hired a young Robert J. Morris in 1940 to run their Rapp-Coudert Anti-Communist purges of the NYC School System had MAJOR, MAJOR roles in the entire JFK conundrum. And both Morris and Buckley were in The Manchurian Candidate while The American Mercury, mentioned at The Winnipeg Airport Incident as "Mercury" employed L. Brent Bozell, William F. Buckley, Jr. during the tenure of Clendenin J. Ryan (YAF) and George Lincoln Rockwell during the tenure of J. Russell Maguire from the Thompson Submachine Gun company. The Couderts specialized in bringing over White Russians from their Paris office after the Russian Revolution and were involved with both the de Mohrenschildts and Anastase Vonsiatsky plus Adrian Arcand and Boris Brasol. "Our presently ongoing investigation has shown that this operation's penetration of nominally Catholic networks in North America, centers historically on the Carlist network of William F. Buckley, Jr.'s brother-in-law, L. Brent Bozell. The role of the Buckley family intersects the international influence of avowedly fascist, pro-Carlist circles among British converts to Catholicism, such as the notorious cases of avowedly pro-fascist G.K. Chesterton and Hilaire Belloc (see box on "Distributism")." "Bozell formed the Society for the Christian Commonwealth (SCC) in Warrenton, Va. and published Triumph magazine from 1966 until 1976, at which time his long-simmering insanity resulted in the publication's demise. As you will see, this network, although nominally Catholic, is closely tied to the most wild-eyed right-wing, fundamentalist Protestants, such as Jerry Falwell and Pat Robertson, to William Yandell Elliott's Nashville Agrarians, to the pro-Mussolini "distributist" circles of G.K. Chesterton and Hilaire Belloc; and is thoroughly committed to the Mont Pelerin Society, Heritage Foundation, and American Enterprise Institute, with their adoption of Adam Smith's gnostic "free trade" as, implicitly, an article of religious faith."

Jack Ruby implicates The John Birch Society and NOT the CIA... Mr. Ruby. At this moment, Lee Harvey Oswald isn't guilty of committing the crime of assassinating President Kennedy. Jack Ruby is. How can I fight that, Chief Justice Warren? Chief Justice Warren. Well now, I want to say, Mr. Ruby, that as far as this Commission is concerned, there is no implication of that in what we are doing. Mr. Ruby. All right, there is a certain organization here---- Chief Justice Warren. That I can assure you. Mr. Ruby. There is an organization here, Chief Justice Warren, if it takes my life at this moment to say it, and Bill Decker said be a man and say it, there is a John Birch Society right now in activity, and Edwin Walker is one of the top men of this organization--take it for what it is worth, Chief Justice Warren. Unfortunately for me, for me giving the people the opportunity to get in power, because of the act I committed, has put a lot of people in jeopardy with their lives. Don't register with you, does it? Chief Justice Warren. No; I don't understand that. Mr. Ruby. Would you rather I just delete what I said and just pretend that nothing is going on? Chief Justice Warren. I would not indeed. I am only interested in what you want to tell this Commission.That is all I am interested in. Mr. Ruby. Well, I said my life, I won't be living long now. I know that. My family's lives will be gone. When I left my apartment that morning---- Chief Justice Warren. What morning?

Wherever Robert Emmett Johnson went, someone in high places was always sure to die. He seemed to be involved with all of these United Fruit "banana republics" run by "the Republican banana kings" like the Dulles brothers, John Cabot and the Forbes family. Has anyone browsed books like "The Banana Men" or "The Banana Wars" on books.google.com Just some amazing stuff there. Even the Draper and Preston families were involved with these Banana Republics. Andrew Preston, a cousin of Wickliffe Preston Draper started The Boston Fruit Company in about 1895 which later became The United Fruit Company owned to a great extent by the Dulles, the Forbes, the Preston, the Draper and the Cabot families. United Fruit lost valuable sugar cane, banana and pineapple holdings when Fidel Castro came into power in 1959. Perhaps $100+ million in value and boy was Dulles pissed. John Foster Dulles was the corporate lawyer for United Fruit and Allen Dulles was their "banana republic" enforcer but JFK figured him out and the Cuban exiles, too. Just like when Willoughby tried to cross the Yalu River, when Dulles tried to breach the Bay of Pigs and the Straits of Cuba his career was ended by a Democratic President. Then Willoughby and Dulles joined together to snuff JFK and expand the Viet Nam conflict. Who should write "Oswald and Army Intelligence"? Someone from the CIA? "Oswald and the CIA" was written by someone from the Army, so fair is fair.

Judy a few IMPORTANT comments on the Christendom College article referenced above: (The irony here is that now Terry Mauro has discovered the very trails I have been following for 15 years or more, starting with the Robert J. Morris leads which I picked up first from Bill Turner in Power on the Right then later when Mae Brussell linked Morris to Willoughby in The Nazi Connections to the JFK Assassination) William F. Buckley, Jr. was considered to be a "Carlist Catholic" as well as the Coudert Brothers from New York City and even Morris himself... Both Morris and Buckley were referenced in The Manchurian Candidate by Richard Condon as early as 1958-1959 "Graham has left behind him, still today, the trail of "red dye" showing the connection between fascist utopianism in certain Northern Virginia churches, and a spreading slime-mold of tiny pro-Carlism-polluted schools (see box), on the one side, and, on the other hand, the dirty operations focussed against LaRouche et al. in the Northern Virginia and adjoining regions. This trail also points, with surgical precision, to the threat to bring fascism to power throughout the Americas." And of course, for those of you who didn't know, the H. Smith Richardson Foundation was THE FUNDING SOURCE for MK/ULTRA... #1 Source. And the mention of General of the Armies Douglas MacArthur below who was inserted TWICE into the movie version of The Manchurian Candidate when he was nowhere to be seen in the novel except as Benjamin K. Arthur as well as Lt. Gen. Daniel Orin Graham also just below who were BOTH U.S. Army Generals and NOT in the CIA. Much of the MK/ULTRA sponsorship and funding and the use thereof, came through these Viet Nam hawks from the U.S. Army and NOT from the CIA which essentially opposed the NSAM order which attempted to justify the expansion the U.S. strategic bombing efforts and the expansion of the ground forces in Viet Nam in 1963. This will be posted later. So I think those who throw a knee-jerk, ALL CAPITAL LETTERS, childish hissy fit every time someone mentions that U.S. Army Intelligence played a LARGER role in both Manchurian Candidate training, utilization and sponsorship than the CIA they should just take a CHILL PILL. Just remember that Robert Morris and Pedro del Valle were former ONI, but Bonner Fellers, Charles Willoughby, Douglas MacArthur, Philip J. Corso and Daniel Orin Graham were all from the U.S. Army Intelligence arena and they HATED both the OSS and the CIA and would have NOTHING to do with them since their inception during World War II. And the concept that U.S. Army Intelligence deliberately scapegoated the CIA, far over and above their real culpability in the JFK hit is a concept that has been totally lost on those who suffer from "terminal obtuseness" and "psycho-somatic intransigence" which can be by-products of being subjected to "mind control" from the other U.S. Army "intelligence" specialists like Philip J. Corso and Dr. Revilo P. Oliver who was an Army Cryptographer during World War II. They all splattered their version of events on the JFK hit, in any publication that would give them a platform, including Oliver's WC testimony. And for the most part, there conclusion was that the "Commies in the CIA" killed JFK so we should attack Russia, Cuba and North Korea with a renewed intensity. It was in ALL the papers, didn't you folks even READ that stuff? I would be TOTALLY embarrassed if I had let the Morris-Corso-Oliver-Smith crowd's point of view "brainwash" me into their deliberate ruses and subterfuges. Especially if I then became their trained "sock puppet" and "parrot" who started squaaaaa-king their pablum and repartee on demand as in "The Manchurian Candiate." I mean John Armstrong used to cite and quote and utilize Philip J. Corso as his personal contact with God's Gospel until Corso started into the "Alien Autopsy" stuff, at which point Corso was dropped from view entirely. "Never Mind." I think BK/ULTRA suffers essentially from the same malady as Armstrong. No filters, no insights, no ability to question authority and no way to tell the difference between "rightist fascist propaganda" and the facts. Then to repeat that stuff for all to see and to write it down for perpetuity is just pitiful. It is like saying: "This is what happens to your mind after 'brainwashing', I am living, breathing proof of that. Don't let this happen to you." Come on, admit it. Your picture should be emblazoned in all the dictionaries and encyclopedias under "Brainwashed". Your autobiography will be: "How I was Brainwashed by Edward Hunter, Robert Morris, Charles Willoughby and Sarah McClendon and didn't even know it." by BK/ULTRA A sure bestseller. "These so-called utopians, which Graham came to represent, are the circles, associated with the RAND Corporation, H. Smith Richardson Foundation, and others of that likeness,[3] who have sought to destroy all vestiges of that West Point tradition which World War II veterans associate with the practices of the U.S. military under such leaders as General of the Armies Douglas MacArthur and President Dwight Eisenhower, and also with such European traditions as the influence of such authentically original military geniuses as France's Maj. Gen. Lazare Carnot and Germany's Gerhard Scharnhorst. Our present-day utopians are incompetent, but also hysterically fanatical, and, unfortunately, increasingly influential over U.S. policy and the leadership of both major parties, since the exemplary assassination of President John F. Kennedy." And Paul Weyrich of The Heritage Foundation, cited below, once said: "When the role of The Pioneer Fund in events of the 20th Century is finally understood, ALL of the history books will have to be totally re-written." I will repeat this once more, since I have published his statement at least a half dozen times on this forum... "When the role of The Pioneer Fund in events of the 20th Century is finally understood, ALL of the history books will have to be totally re-written." Continuing with the LaRouche article... "As a professional "double dipper," Graham's retirement from duty led him into the role of a beribboned utopian hack for the Heritage Foundation, a Mont Pelerin Society asset organized by the same Paul Weyrich who has played a seminal role in creating the pro-fascist nest centered on locations such as Christendom College and St. Catherine of Siena. This is the same Paul Weyrich whose Northern Virginia-based operations targetting Ukraine and Russia, defined a context in which the case of confessed former FBI spy Robert Hanssen is situated." Now can we all stop these childish battles over the roles of the CIA vs. the roles of Army Intel? Just about ALL of the former Army Intel officers working for MacArthur and Willoughby were involved in the JFK hit but ONLY the Far Right Wing of the CIA was involved like Angelton, Cline and Dulles. Case Closed.

Something like that. Yes he did, but the name does not ring a bell in my dome. Who was he and how was he connected? What do you think about all the El Paso, Texas connections Vonsiatsky and his Nazi agents had during World War II? They used El Paso to breach the border into Mexico with stolen photos, microfilm and information which they took into Mexico. Then they hired fishing boats on the West Coast to go out into the ocean to meet German U-Boats offshore where they delivered the information. I think it was Gerhard Kunze or Kunle who was tried in absentia on The Great Conspiracy Trial of 1941 then ran away into Mexico where he was caught and extradited to serve his time. They should have electrocuted Vonsiatsky and all his saboteurs like Wozniak "The Firebug". Then they could not wreak havoc and revenge on America. Did you see where the Wickliffe "Preston" Draper cousin, Andrew Preston started the Boston Fruit Company in 1899 which later became United Fruit where the Dulles brothers and John M. Cabot had GIANT stock holdings in United Fruit? I have ordered "The Banana Wars" and "The Banana Men" from abebooks.com I just had no idea that these Great White Hope "banana" robber barons treated these people like pre-Civil War slaves and killed them by the thousands while building railroads, housing and infrastructure in Latin America. But their relatives had been slaveowners and even Draper treated his client's mill workers like indentured servants, so they just had it in their blood. And the amount of investment in overseas cargo vessels, and in railroad tracks and locomotives and bridges in both Guatamala, Nicaragua and Costa Rica as well as from New Orleans to points North was just staggering. And bananas, pineapples and vegetables were just so cheap when harvested by "slave laborers" on really cheap land that the profits were staggering. There are at least 10 books on United Fruit in the last 15 years and while previewing them it just blows me away about what a giant industry it was. And to think that the Dulles brothers and the Cabots and the Forbes would invoke the entire might of the U.S. Army and the Marines and the CIA just to protect or to regain their properties is just incomprehensible to me. Why hasn't anyone else ever written about these aspects of the Bay of Pigs? Fuh-getta-bout all that stuff on the Mobsters losing hotels, gambling and prostitution, it was these Great White Hope banana dudes who lost all their slave plantations, and their slaves as well as their railroads, their locomotives, their farming equipment and their entire investments. If Lincoln died over "cotton wars" inspired by the Draper loom crowd and the Mississippi plantation owners, then Kennedy died over "banana wars" courtesy of the Dulles brothers, the Cabots, the Forbes, the Drapers and the Prestons? What ignominy! These banana wars were totally were inspired by the Preston crowd which is the other half of the Drapers. His mother was a Kentucky Preston I believe and fought on the Confederate side of course. So Jackie Kennedy was only half right. JFK died over Civil Rights because they pulled the trigger and set the stage but the real money and the inspiration came from the Mississippi "cotton" and Massachusettsand "textiles" crowd courtesy of Wickliffe Draper and the New England or Park Avenue Patriot "banana" crowds like John M. Cabot who used to be the president of United Fruit, and the heirs and relatives of Andrew Preston from Boston. Keep your "cotton pickin" and "textile weaving" hands off our slaves and off our plantations said the Southerners to Lincoln. Keep your "cotton pickin" and "textile weaving" hands off our Civil Rights and Voting Rights issues said the Southerners to Kennedy. Keep your "banana peeling" and "textile tariff" hands off our slaves and off our banana plantations said the Northeners to Kennedy. United Fruit was behind the Arbenz Guatamala coup and they had giant holdings in Castro's Cuba which they lost. And Guy Bannister and Maurice B. Gatlin started the Anti-Communist League of the Caribbean in the SAME building as United Fruit headquarters in New Orleans.

Ruby shot him, but it's safe to assume, once that bullet was fired, that the conspirators behind Ruby were not going to let Oswald out of that basement or Parkland alive, anymore than they were going to let JFK get out of Dealey Plaza or Parkland alive. Well Ruby tried to shoot Oswald again and the gun jammed. The extent of the injuries, from an admittedly very lucky and well placed shot that punctured 2-3 internal organs, was so severe that Oswald was a dead man no matter what anyone did to him. The ONLY conspirator intent on killing Oswald in the Dallas garage that day was Ruby and the poor guy who pumped his chest or whatever, actually thought he was helping him. Do you think that guy was either a conspirator or well trained in resuscitation or emergency room techniques? Hardly. Propagating that level of conspiracy into the Dallas garage is a little over the top. Well maybe a lot over the top. Ruby got into the press conference on sight and he got into the basement garage without being confronted either because he was well known to all.

Perhaps Allen Dulles should have been known as "Allen the Banana Man". It just blows me away to think that Allen Dulles and his brother John Foster Dulles, would use the "smokescreen" or the "reality", take your choice, of the perils from the spreading tentacles of Communism, to enlist the support of the entire CIA and the military, merely to buttress or support the sagging price of their shares in United Fruit. Gen. Smedley Butler was just spot on when he wrote "War is a Racket!" His article was all about the coup d'etat against FDR which had just occurred. I mean did the Dulles brothers and their buddies, not have a diversified portfolio of stocks and bonds? Didn't United Fruit have about a dozen Central American and Caribbean nations where they did business? Was there not another alternative to a violent or threatened coup d'etat? I mean these "banana republic" dictators came and went like the hurricanes which blew over these nations. The point was made that a hurricane at that time caused the stock price of United Fruit to drop more precipitously than when Arbenz came in or when Castro appropriated the United Fruit sugar, pineapple and banana properties. The irony is that many people postulated that when "the Mob" lost valuable gambling, prostitution and resort properties in Cuba it was a good reason that they should be suspected as the "perps" in the JFK hit. Guess again, bucko. They lost nothing in Guatamala or Haiti or the Dominican Republic, did they? I will find and post Butler's article later today. Read it and send it to Dick Cheyney and his Schlumberger buddies, too. Then Dulles pulled a power play on JFK and tried to force his hand to let the military help out the stranded Bay of Pigs invaders. And that gamble was lost. And he SHOULD have been fired or made to retire and my guess is that E. Howard Hunt really was canned at the same time, but no one can prove it right now. The question then remains exactly WHO was contracted to eliminate JFK? Was the plot by Hunt, Sturgis, and Hemming ONLY supposed to occur in Miami? Was Robert Emmett Johnson from Interpen involved ONLY with the Dallas plot? Did the Miami to Dallas motorcade occur with only an INTENTION of being the successful shooters? It is possible. The fact that Roy Hargraves and Gerry Hemming always seemed to be hinting and pointing fingers at the Emmett Johnson, Mitchell Werbell III (whose father was a Czarist cavalry officer, too), Robert F. Baird crowd leads me to consider that as a realistic possibility and to believe much of what Hargraves had to say and very little of what Hemming had to say. I mean just the fact that they "went" to Dallas was so incriminating... Who would really believe them that they were only sitting at JFK'S final destination (the Trade Mart) just waiting to shoot him there and then all hell broke loose in Dealey Plaza? OK, call us irresponsible, we only plotted and planned to kill JFK, someone else got him and then blamed it all on us. What do you want us to do? So they ratted out those who really did it. I mean after all the people who got paid off were GLK Smith (Christ of the Ozarks), Vonsiatsky (his wife had just died 10-12 days before the JFK hit) and Draper (Rockwell buyout on the day Gordon Novel moved to Columbus, Ohio). And E. Howard Hunt might have been working both sides of the issue, acting as both the Miami plot co-ordinator and then setting up the Miami crew as the Dallas patsies, which is the version I beleive right now. Or he and Hemming and Sturgis could have been themselves targeted as the patsies both in Miami and Dallas or just Dallas as well, along with Oswald and Ruby, too. I think E. Howard Hunt was going to patsy Hemming, Sturgis and Hargraves in Miami, then he was told to move the patsies to Dallas and set them up there because a new, bigger and better set of plotmasters had stepped up to the plate. The real deal. Robert J. Morris and Charles A. Willoughby with their cast of neo-Nazi and fascist bastidges including help from Draper and The Pioneer Fund. And that is the version that I can poke no holes in whatsoever because even Jack Ruby made his statements about: (paraphrasing him) "...those in power here in Dallas who were part of the Impeach Earl Warren campaigns who were rabidly anti-Semitic" but using different wording. Go check it out for yourself. What group does that describe? The Dallas John Birch Society, GLK Smith's Silver Shirts and America Firsters and Fellers For America group as well as Morris's "Ten Million Americans Mobilizing for Justice" "...or Tomorrow." I mean call Ruby whatever you want... a little crazy, a pipsqueak mobster, a tool of the John Birch Society, a programmed assassin, a schmuck, a fool, someone who "had" to kill Oswald just to hide how much of a stupid, schmuck and either a participant or a patsy he really was in fact. Ruby was probably ALL of THESE things and more, which is why Oswald had to die and it had to be Jack Ruby to do it. Self preservation and reputation defense. If you accept all of those terms and facts about Ruby, then of course, you have to accept the fact that he knew Morris and Willoughby and he knew they were anti-Semites and he knew that they were the ones who hired him to either work the plot or to be another patsy in the plot and they were the ones who pulled it all off. And they were the ones who did pull it off. Just watch the videos and read his testimony. What reason would Jack Ruby have to lie, at that point? He just wanted out of Dallas where they could kill him in a heartbeat and then he was going to rat them out back in Washington, DC. Case Closed.

* Gabriel García Márquez, One Hundred Years of Solitude, 1967. Is this one about United Fruit and the Dulles brothers? Plus John M. Cabot?

United Fruit Company Article ID: 167538 Table of Contents * 1 Corporate history * 2 History in central america * 3 Further reading * 4 External links The United Fruit Company ( 1899 - 1970 ) was a corporation prominent in the import-export trade of tropical fruit (notably banana s and pineapple s) coming from Third World plantation s and sent to the United States and Europe . The company is notorious as an archetypal example of multinational influence extending deeply into the internal politics of so-called banana republic s and is frequently cited as an example of exploitative neocolonialism . The United Fruit Company was known as la frutera (the fruit company) or Mamá Yunay ( "Mommy United") in Central America. It established a monopoly on the production and distribution of bananas in Latin America in the early 20th century , a monopoly which lasted until the end of the company in 1970, and arguably, through the company's successors, during the rest of the 1970s had long lasting ramifications for the economic and political development for the region. This monopoly was predicated on the fact that between 1920 and 1994 the United States purchased 60-90 percent of the region's exports, thereby ensuring the ongoing dependence on the United States. In turn this enabled the UFCO to penetrate the political and economic fabric of Central American societies and influence economic and political outcomes for its own gain. Corporate history United Fruit was established on March 30 , 1899 in Boston, Massachusetts , by the merger of two banana companies. The Boston Fruit Company was established by Lorenzo Dow Baker, a sailor who in 1870 had bought his first bananas in Jamaica, and Andrew W. Preston . The other company was founded by Minor C. Keith , who had built railroad s in Costa Rica and then went into the fruit business. In 1899 railroad entrepreneur Henry Meiggs won a contract in Costa Rica to lay track along the Caribbean coast in exchange for land. Meiggs had two nephews, Minor Keith and Henry Keith. Minor Keith had already begun his own business shipping bananas to New Orleans in 1878 , so when Meiggs decided to give his nephews the railroad contract the decision was made to make one company out of the two ventures and call it the United Fruit Company. In 1930 , Sam Zemurray ( nickname d "Sam the Banana Man") sold his Cuyamel Fuit Company company to United and retired. But in 1932 , he returned because he felt the company was mismanaged. In June 1970 , it merged with AMK Corporation, which owned the John Morrell meat company and was controlled by Eli H. Black , to become the United Brands Company . After Black's spectacular suicide on February 3 , 1975 â he jumped out of the window of his New York City office on the forty-fourth floor of the Pan Am Building â Cincinnati -based American Financial, one of millionarie Carl H. Lindner, Jr. 's companies, bought into United Fruit. In August 1984 , Lindner took control of the company and renamed it Chiquita Brands International . The headquarters was moved to Cincinnati in 1985 . History in Central America The United Fruit Company owned vast tracts of land in the Caribbean lowlands. It also dominated regional transportation networks and owned a major railroad corporation called International Railways of Central America. In addition, UFCO branched out in 1913 by creating the Tropical Radio and Telegraph Company. By the end of the decade there would be virtually no aspect of the economic infrastructure of Latin American banana production untouched by the UFCO. The UFCO was so large that at the time of World War I it had no serious challengers or competiton for control of the banana trade. The huge number of ships that it used for transportation were referred to as the "great white fleet". One of the company's primary tactics for maintaining market dominance was to control the distribution of banana lands. UFCO claimed that hurricanes, blight and other natural threats required them to hold extra land or reserve land. But in practice what this meant was that UFCO was able to prevent the government from distributing banana lands to peasants who wanted a share of the banana trade. The fact that the UFCO relied so heavily on manipulation of land use rights in order to maintain their market dominance had a number of long term consequences for the region. For the company to maintain its unequal land holdings it had to have government concessions. And this in turn meant that the company had to be politically involved in the region even though it was an American company. If a particular government or a particular leader disagreed with UFCO tactics and refused to give them what they wanted, UFCO usually took steps to have the government undermined, discredited, or removed altogether. As a result, the UFCO became a political force opposing democratic social and political reform whenever and wherever it developed in order to preserve its dominant place in the banana trade. The Company overthrew governments which they considered insufficiently compliant to Company will. For example, in 1910 a group of armed toughs were sent from New Orleans to Honduras to install a new president by force when the incumbent failed to grant the Fruit Company tax breaks. The newly installed Honduran president granted the Company a waiver from paying any taxes for 25 years. The Company had a mixed record of encouraging and discouraging development in the nations it was involved in. For example, in Guatemala the Company built school s for the people who lived and worked on Company land, while at the same time for many years prevented the Guatemalan government from building highway s, because this would lessen the profitable transportation monopoly of the railroads, which were owned by United Fruit. The Guatemalan government of Colonel Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán was toppled by covert action by the United States government in 1954 at the behest of United Fruit. This was in opposition to Arbenz's plans to purchase uncultivated land from United Fruit at the price the company had deemed it worth on their taxes and redistribute it among Native American peasant s. The UFC and the bankers that supported the company convinced the CIA and President Dwight Eisenhower that redistributing uncultivated land was the first sign of a Communist takeover in Central America. The American Secretary of State John Foster Dulles was an avowed opponent of Communism whose law firm had represented United Fruit. His brother Allen Dulles was the director of the CIA. The brother of the Assistant Secretary of State for InterAmerican Affairs John Moors Cabot had once been president of United Fruit. Arbenz's government was overthrown by Guatemalan army officers invading from Honduras in what was known as Operation PBSUCCESS . As many as 100,000 people may have died in the ensuing civil war . Today, successor companies of United Fruit have interests in: * Costa Rica * Guatemala * Honduras * Panama The impact of the United Fruit Company has inspired the poet Pablo Neruda to write a poem (in Spanish ) with the company's name as the title. The 1929 strike of Colombian banana workers against United Fruit also inspired part of Gabriel García Márquez ' One Hundred Years of Solitude . Little Steven released a song called "Bitter Fruit" about the company's misdeeds. Further reading * Aviva Chomsky . West Indian Workers and the United Fruit Company in Costa Rica, 1870-1940 . Louisiana State University Press. * Pablo Neruda , "La United Fruit Co." (in his poetry collection Canto General ). * Stephen Schlesinger and Stephen Kinzer . Bitter Fruit: The Untold Story of the American Coup in Guatemala . 1982. * Thomas P. McCann. On the Inside . Beverly, Massachusetts: Quinlan Press, 1987 . Revised edition of An American Company ( 1976 ). * Cameron McWhirter and Michael Gallagher . "How 'el pulpo' became Chiquita Banana". The Cincinnati Enquirer . May 3 , 1998 . * Jon Lee Anderson . " Che Guevara : A Revolutionary Life" Bantam Books. 1997 . * Gabriel García Márquez , One Hundred Years of Solitude , 1967 . External links

Maurice Brooks Gatlin and the Anti-Communist League of the Carribean In a Ramparts Magazine article by William Turner titled "The Garrison Commission" that is reprinted in The Assassinations, an anthology edited by Peter Dale Scott, Paul L. Hoch and Russell Stetler (Random House, 1976), there appears a reference to a man who happened to know the address of Guy Banister's office next to the drugstore where Slim and I waited that day when Brother-in-law ran his quick and mysterious "errands." Ordinarily, the fairly common last name, "Brooks," would not seem more than coincidental. In this instance, however, I received additional information from a personal contact indicating that perhaps this individual mentioned in Turner's article resembled the man I knew as Roderick R. Brooks both in appearance and mannerisms. My lack of certainty is due to my inability to determine the reliability and intent of my informant. That Slim Brooks might actually have been one Jerry Milton Brooks is a nagging possibility I cannot ignore, since Slim never used what he told me in private was his first name in the company of others, always preferring to be called "Slim." Here is what Fred Turner says in "The Garrison Commission," first published in January of 1968, about Jerry Milton Brooks: "The dilapidated building at 544 Camp Street is on the corner of Lafayette Place. Shortly after news of Garrison's investigation broke, I went to 531 Lafayette Place, an address given me by Minutemen defector Jerry Milton Brooks as the office of W. Guy Banister, a former FBI official who ran a private detective agency. "According to Brooks, who had been a trusted Minutemen aide, Banister was a member of the Minutemen and head of the Anti-Communist League of the Caribbean, assertedly an intermediary between the CIA and Caribbean insurgency movements. Brooks said he had worked for Banister on 'anti-Communist' research in 1961-1962, and had known David Ferrie as a frequent visitor to Banister's office. "Banister had died of an apparent heart attack in the summer of 1964. But Brooks had told me of two associates whom I hoped to find. One was Hugh F. Ward, a young investigator for Banister who also belonged to the Minutemen and the Anti-Communist League. Then I learned that Ward, too, was dead. Reportedly taught to fly by David Ferrie, he was at the controls of a Piper Aztec when it plunged to earth near Ciudad Victoria, Mexico, May 23, 1965. "The other associate was Maurice Brooks Gatlin Sr., legal counsel to the Anti-Communist League of the Caribbean. Jerry Brooks said he had once been a sort of protégé of Gatlin and was in his confidence. Brooks believed Gatlin's frequent world travels were as a 'transporter' for the CIA.... The search for Gatlin, however, was likewise futile: in 1964 he fell or was pushed from the sixth floor of the El Panama Hotel in Panama during the early morning, and was killed instantly." Guy Banister is claimed by another researcher, as I previously mentioned, to have been undercover for Division Five of the FBI at the time he ran the detective agency in New Orleans. As Turner goes on to note, 531 Lafayette and 544 Camp are two entrances to the same building. Located next to Waterbury's Drugs, at the corner of Camp and Canal, it stands at the other end of a very short block at Camp and Lafayette. As for David Ferrie who, according to Jerry Brooks, frequented Banister's office, I met him very briefly and casually once at a party and, as I've mentioned already, I met Guy Banister one evening in the Bourbon House. What of Maurice Brooks Gatlin, though? Notice that Jerry Brooks claimed this man trusted him and also seemed unaware of his death four years earlier in Panama. Going with my assumption that Jerry Milton Brooks could have been Slim Brooks, and with my further assumption would be that Gary Kirstein, Slim's alleged brother-in-law, was actually E. Howard Hunt using another man's name, a fascinating hypothesis suggests itself. According to Torrbit's thesis, the CIA's Double-Check Corporation of Miami was on loan to Division Five for anti-Castro activities, and both were involved in the Cuban Revolutionary Council headquartered in Banister's office. In that case, Banister almost certainly would have known and could have been working with E. Howard Hunt. Suppose that with Brooks, Hunt was using a false identity -- that of Maurice Brooks Gatlin. Then it is easy to imagine how Slim could have become involved in the assassination plot. Moreover, Slim continued to meet with Brother-in-law in the years that followed, which would explain why Jerry Milton Brooks seemed unaware of the death of Gatlin. Either the real Gatlin, whose name Hunt was using, or another individual on assignment with the Gatlin I.D., could have been murdered in Panama shortly after the John Kennedy murder in order to dispose of an identity Hunt no longer needed. Banister is dead. Ward, whoever he was, is dead. And Maurice Gatlin is dead or never existed and is presumed dead. E. Howard Hunt's tracks are covered perfectly. There is almost no way to connect him with the crime of Kennedy's assassination. As for the real Gary Kirstein, Tom Lutz of The National Tattler discovered his name connected with the Minutemen. Phillip Emmons Isaac Bonewits, a Berkeley occultist, wrote me that he found it repeatedly in his investigations of "snuff films" and other illegal Satanist activities. Could Gary Kirstein have been someone Hunt was attempting to set up in advance for the crime of murdering John Kennedy? Obviously, this theory makes a number of assumptions that are possibly unwarranted. But then again, multiple levels of cover are standard for intelligence agents, and Brother-in-law warned me that the simplest solution was not always the correct one.

Maurice Gatlin's Obituary from 1965 He also died like Guy Bannister from a somewhat suspicious heart attack in 1965-1966 where he fell over a railing six stories up, after suffering the heart attack. Gatlin was a political associate of Huey Long and opposed Hale Boggs in a Senatorial election. His offices were in the same building as the United Fruit Company of the Guatamala Arbenz coup and the Castro Cuba coup attempts organized by the Dulles Brothers. From: jpshinley@my-dejanews.com Subject: Maurice Gatlin's Obituary Date: 29 Dec 1998 00:00:00 GMT Message-ID: <769j03$ooq$1@nnrp1.dejanews.com> New Orleans Times-Picayune May 31, 1965 S1-P1 [Front page!] Heart Attack Kills N. O. Attorney in Puerto Rico M. B. Gatlin Then Falls 6 Stories From Hotel - New Orleans attorney Maurice B. Gatlin Sr. died in San Juan Puerto Rico, Friday [May 28] night after suffering a heart attack which resulted in his falling six stories from a hotel there, his son said Sunday. - A coroner's report, said Maurice B. Gatlin Jr., attributed his death to the heart attack. Mr. Gatlin fell over a sixth floor railing at the hotel to the ground, Gatlin Jr. stated. - Mr. Gatlin, 62, was attending a meeting of the Inter-American Bar Associtaion in San Juan. - He had been decorated with the Ruben Dario medal July 22, 1961, for his efforts in fighting communism. It was presented to him by Nicaraguan Consul General Reynaldo Chavez on behalf of Nicaraguan President Luis Somoza. - At the time, Chavez said the medal was for "Mr. Gatlin's efforts against communism and for helping to stop the flow of arms shipments from New Orleans to Fidel Catro's forces in Cuba." - In addition to the Inter-American Bar Association, he was also a member of the Louisiana State Bar Association and the Criminal Courts Bar Association. - A political ally of the late U.S. Sen. Huey P. Long, Mr. Gatlin had once served as attorney for the collector of revenue of Louisiana. - In 1954, he opposed U.S. Rep. Hale Boggs in the Democratic primay for the party nomination for the House of Representatives and was [soundly] defeated. - He had also served for a time as the New Orleans representative of the Anti-Communist Committee of the Americas. - Born in Century, Fla., Mr. Gatlin was graduated from Loyola University and Tulane University Law School. He had practiced law since 1931. - Survivors include his widow, the former Miss Bernadette C. O'Dowd, his son, of Waveland Miss. and a daughter, Mrs. Robert Evans... - [end of excerpts] - June 1, 1965 S1-P9 Remoulade by Howard Jacobs Late Attorney was Man of Wit, Whimsy - A decade ago we obtained from attorney Maurice B. Gatlin a story about his new device which he was just putting on the market. It was called VEND-A-CHECK, and it was more than a business venture. It was an affirmation of human nature. - "Vend-A-Check" was an apparatus which dispensed $5 checks on a coin machine basis. The 'borrower' placed 50 cents in the slot and out came a certified cashier's check for $5. The proprieter had to endorse the check for the patron, where upon he could cash it. The $5 principal was to be paid back in two weeks. - Gradually, "Vend-A-Check" went into limbo, and after several months attorney Gatlin ruefully conceded that "collections weren't as good as I anticipated." But he never lost his confidence in his fellowman and his trust in their ultimate integrity. "Nobody is born bad," he once philosophized. "Sometimes circumstances make them that way." - Some years ago he initiated the practice of listing his own telephone in his name, and a second one captioned "children's phone." Eventually, this became the vogue in many families with multiple teenagers. - Attorney Gatlin was a man of many parts, a blithe spirit despite near-blindness and other infirmities he bore cheerfully over the years. - [end of article] - Jerry Shinley

Almost by accident I was able to correlate a list of Vonsiatsky's associates from a NY Times article on 2/4/1922 about his wedding to Marion Ream with the persons who had already started the Boston Fruit Company which became United Fruit Company with extensive holdings in both Guatamala and Cuba. The Dulles brothers, the Cabots and the Forbes who owned large positions in United Fruit stock, later organized CIA sponsored coup attempts against the communist leadership of both countries in 1954 and 1959 with the assistance of E. Howard Hunt, Philip J. Corso, Frank Wisner and others. United Fruit's U.S. headquarters were in New Orleans starting in the 1930's in the same building occupied by Guy Bannister and Maurice Gatlin where they had incorporated their private lobbying organization called The Anti-Communist League of the Caribbean which had actively lobbied for CIA coup d'etats in both Arbenz's Guatamala and Castro's Cuba. Marion's father, Norman B. Ream, had died in 1915 but he was on the Board of Directors of the National Biscuit Company (later known as Nabisco the makers of Shredded Wheat) and the U.S. Steel Company which sold steel for the locomotives and rails used by United Fruit to Samuel Vauclain owner of the Baldwin Locomotive Works where Vonsiatsky was first employed as a strike busting thug. Ream also provided steel for J. Watson Webb's and Minor C. Keith's United Fruit railroad requirements. Elliott Bacon, also in the NY Times article was a partner with J. P. Morgan, the investment banking firm used by both Wickliffe Preston Draper and Norman B. Ream. United Fruit had been formed in 1899 from the merger of Minor C. Keith's railroad operations with the Boston Fruit Company owned by Andrew W. Preston who was Wickliffe Preston Draper's 1st cousin. The item which made me notice this relationship referred me to a most unique advertising campaign in 1910 sponsored jointly by Andrew Preston's United Fruit bananas later called Chiquita bananas and Norman B. Ream's (National Biscuit Company) Nabisco Shredded Wheat cereal. It was apparently the first time that the products from two disparate companies were featured together in the same jointly sponsored newspaper and radio advertising campaigns. Ream's Baltimore and Ohio railroad carried both wheat for Nabisco and bananas for United Fruit across the Eastern Seaboard. The only other common things that were shared by United Fruit and Nabisco were their memberships in either Bannister's Anti-Communist League of the Carribean (via United Fruit) or the Prestons and Drapers later sponsorship of Anastase Vonsiatsky's chosen delegates from OUN and ABN in the World Anti-Communist League.

Call me hyper-focused but here are my choices: "The older guests who shook hands with the Iselins that night had been followers of Father Coughiin; the group just younger than them had rallied around Gerald L. K. Smith; and the rest, still younger, were fringe lice who saw Johnny's significance in a clear, white light. The clan had turned out from ten thousand yesterdays in the Middle West and neolithic Texas, and patriotism was far from being their last refuge. It was a group for anthropologists, and it seemed like very bad manners or very bad judgement on Raymond's mother's part to have invited Senator Jordan to walk among the likes of these." "Raymond's boss Holborn Gaines, dropped everything (a beer bottle and a report from the Manila office) and rushed to the hospital to see if there was anything he could do to help. The desk attendant, a Soviet Army Lieutenant, upon studying his credentials and checking them against a list of Raymond's probable and therefore accredited visitors, sent him to the fifth floor just as though it were not a sealed floor. He was met at the elevator by a rugged Army nurse who was wearing the traditional cap worn by graduates of the Mother Cabrini Hospital of Winstead, Connecticut where she had never studied but which gave the establishment a certain amount of professional verisimilitude. ... Gaines left a bottle of Scotch for Raymond with the pretty young nurse (five feet tall, 173 pounds, mustache, warts)." - Richard Condon, The Manchurian Candidate