Allen Dulles and his Nazi Pals in Ukraine 🇺🇦

[John Cotter]

6 hours ago, Paul Brancato said:

Where’ve we go in this discussion, it would be helpful in my view to make clear that while discussing the wider issues of the war, and historical antecedents, we are not trying to absolve Putin of crimes against Ukraine. My focus on all of this is that this war should not be happening at all, and that the consequences are deadly for so many, though not for us Americans. It’s like Jesus said - not a quote - look to the moat in your own eye. Be free of blame before you blame others. 

Amen to that, Paul.

[Guest]

Check out the body language of this guy answering questions on NATO expansion. 

[Guest]

On 2/16/2023 at 6:16 AM, Chris Barnard said:

@W. Niederhut could you please outline your plan to stop the war/killing and what you would be prepared to concede to achieve that goal? Or, are you comfortable for this to continue escalating? 

I suspected this would be too bigger question for you, William. 

[John Cotter]

21 hours ago, W. Niederhut said:

The question is the opposite of disingenuous, John, as are all of my posts.

As I said, William, who do you think you're fooling?

[Guest]

This may interest those seeking discussion. 
 

Jeffrey Sachs, whose credentials precede him, has a bit of an academic back and forth with UnHerd’s Freddy Sayers about the origins of the Nord Stream 2 attack. 

 

[Paul Rigby]

18 hours ago, John Cotter said:

Paul,

Amen to that. The political leaders in our western so-called democracies are controlled from the shadows rather than by the people.

This is illustrated by how the Northern Ireland peace process has been used to subvert democracy in Ireland. The Irish police force, the Gárdai, and its overseeing body, the Policing Authority, have been effectively taken over by personnel from Northern Ireland with MI5 connections.

The most obvious such individual is Drew Harris, who was appointed as Gárda Commissioner, the most senior position in the Gárdai, in 2018.

https://eirigi.org/latestnews/2020/2/28/drew-harris-cannot-continue-as-garda-commissioner

The men who sacrificed their lives for Irish freedom a hundred years ago must be spinning in their graves.

The most extraordinary aspect of  this situation is that Sinn Féin, the erstwhile political wing of the IRA and now the single biggest political party in both northern and southern Ireland, has said or done nothing about this. One can only conclude that Sinn Féin/IRA were bought off  in the peace process and have stayed bought.

That appears to be the case with Sinn Fein. Mind you, MI5 plays rough, and the options are limited:

Murder, Lies and State Conspiracy

https://www.craigmurray.org.uk/archives/2023/02/murder-lies-and-state-conspiracy/

February 17, 2023

Donald John Morrison was the last man to speak to Willie McRae, unless his murderer talked. He invited me warmly into his neat Benbecula home, where I was visiting with my friend, his cousin Donnie.

Donald took my coat from me and hung it neatly in a cupboard. He then sat us in the front room, while he went to make us tea. On the wood and glass coffee table was a copy of Gareth Wardell’s Essays, thumbed and marked.

Donald John returned with the tea and two slices of pizza, warm and crisp, with sweet fresh cherry tomatoes on top, their skins split from the oven.

Donald John’s movements were fluid. He is remarkably spritely for a man in his late seventies, his back only slightly bowed, his eyes clear behind his spectacles, his hands deft and assured.

There is a calm island lisp to his voice, but he speaks compellingly, assuredly, with the policeman’s eye for relevance and detail. He was a central Glasgow beat policeman for decades, in times when Glasgow was a tough and dangerous city – and when there were beat policemen.

He comes across as more than friendly, positively kindly. But then at key points in his narrative, his eyes suddenly flash and you see the inner steel that he needed in the Glasgow polis.

It happens when he is angry, and there are parts of this story that make him angry indeed.

He knew Willie McRae professionally quite well, in the way that a policeman knows a lawyer. They would meet in court, and sometimes he would need to serve papers on McRae’s office on Bath Street.

Everybody knew the office, it was on the first floor, the biggest law practice in the city, its door protected by a steel shutter on a roller.

In early 1985 he saw Willie McRae more often than usual, because he had to attend on four separate occasions to burglaries of the law office. On every occasion cabinets had been forced and papers had been taken, but no money.

On the same floor of the Bath Street building was an office belonging to a Director of Celtic. That too was burgled, and when he attended that one, the Director told him he believed the break-in was looking for papers belonging to Willie McRae.

Then one day in March 1985, his sergeant came out to the beat and told Donald John and his partner that, whatever occurred, they were to stay away from the McRae offices that evening because a Special Branch and MI5 operation was in process.

That night Donald John was pulling a “doubler” – a twelve hour shift. He found that McRae had been taken into custody and a police cell, for Driving Under the Influence (which to be fair could have been done to Willie McRae almost any day of the week).

Donald John had seen this before.  In those days, the personal effects of a prisoner in the police cells were put into a large brown envelope and sealed. Special Branch would take away the envelope from the custody sergeant, open it, remove the prisoner’s house keys, and before the custody court the next morning at 9.30am they would return them and reseal.

It appears that evening the plan did not work, as Willie McRae did not have the roller shutter keys on him – they were in fact kept by the cleaner who came in and opened up at 7.30am every morning.

Donald John grinned that he could have told Special Branch that, if they had asked him.

Then on 7 April Donald John was walking his beat, when he spotted two men keeping surveillance on Agnews store. He immediately tagged them as policemen.

One, a tall thin man of around forty years with prematurely white hair, was pacing up and down outside the barbershop, as though waiting for someone. The second, a shorter and stouter man with curly black hair, was pretending to look into a plate glass shop window. Occasionally they would glance to check on each other.

Donald John was walking towards Agnews store, somewhat on guard, when Willie McRae emerged from the store and walked towards him. In each hand McRae held a bottle of Islay Mist whisky.

Donald joked that he would have to breathylise him. Willie replied that in a few hours he would be enjoying the whisky by a warm fire in Kintail.

They walked together to McRae’s car. Willie put one bottle on the roof while he opened the door, and Donald John caught it for him as it started to roll from the roof.

Willie placed both bottles on the front seat next to a bulging briefcase. Donald moved them onto the floor of the car, suggesting they would be safer as they could fall off the seat.

Willie looked at Donald John and patted the bulging briefcase, which had papers sticking out.

“I have got them this time, Donald”, he said. Then he repeated: “I have got them this time”.

They were probably the last words Willie McRae spoke.

As McRae closed the car door, Donald John Morrison looked up and saw one of the police surveillance team signal to the other with outturned hands, as though to indicate he had no idea what was happening, why a uniformed policeman was speaking to McRae.

I interrupted Donald John (the only time I needed to in the whole discourse) to ask him how McRae had seemed. He said he was neatly dressed and shaven, in a check shirt with a tie and a tweed jacket. He seemed on good form, “in fine fettle”. He had a sparkle in his eye and seemed to be relishing the idea of that drink by the fire in Kintail.

Donald John said apparently there had been a blaze at McRae’s home earlier that day but he gave no indication of it. There was absolutely nothing in his demeanour to indicate he was troubled: quite the opposite.

When he heard of the alleged suicide, Donald John was astonished and did not believe it. He had spoken to Roddy Mackay of Agnew’s Store, who had sold Willie the whisky, and he had also found McRae just as cheerful.

Morrison gave a full statement to the investigation, including everything detailed here. He recommended they also take a statement from Roddy Mackay.

A former beat collague of Donald John Morrison had joined Special Branch. He subsequently told Donald John that the whole investigation into McRae’s death was a cover-up and a tissue of lies by the police.

Donald John also found that Roddy Mackay had never been interviewed.

Over a decade later, once the Freedom of Information Act had passed, Donald John FOIA requested a copy of the report into the death of Willie McRae.

Donald John Morrison was astonished to find that his entire statement had been falsified and replaced with a fake statement onto which his signature had been photocpied.

In his “official” statement in the report there was nothing about surveillance, nothing about MI5 or Special Branch, and nothing about the whisky or the briefcase.

The official version of the death of Willie McRae is that there was no whisky or briefcase in the car, and that he shot himself in the back of the head whilst driving along, the gun flying out of the car window.

That remains the official story to this day.

Donald John was absolutely furious about the forgery of his statement. As this was obviously a serious crime in itself, he went to the procurator fiscal in Elgin to try to get a prosecution commenced against the Special Branch officers involved.

Eventually he was told that the Crown Office had ruled a prosecution would not be “procedurally correct”.

Donald John Morrison believes that, from the death of Willie McRae on, he was a marked man in the police because of what he knew.

Despite an exemplary record he was never offered promotion, though he says he did not want it. He was involved on three occasions in tackling and physically subduing armed robbers, but got not so much as a commendation. Frequently arrests he made were attributed to others.

Morrison says that it was made absolutely plain to officers, by the senior command, that they were expected to join the Orange Lodge, which he did.  There were only five Catholic officers – who he named – in his division. The McRae affair also caused him problems in the Orange Lodge, but that is a story, he suggested, for another day.

Morrison is a compelling witness. His testimony is detailed and precise. He ventures nothing beyond what he himself saw and did. He had not a word to say on why McRae was killed, because he does not know.

But he does know there was a bulging briefcase that McRae patted when he said “I have got them this time”. He knows that there were two bottles of Islay Mist. He knows that these things officially “disappeared”. He knows his statement was forged, and that it was done by Special Branch. He knows McRae was under British state surveillance.

I know that I met an honest and brave man. As we left, he stood there, eyes twinkling, and insisted that next time we came to the island we were staying with him, “with your wife and bairns too”.

It was a pleasure to be hosted by the remarkable Donald John Morrison. Just an honest beat cop, standing up against the murderers of the British state.

 

 

[W. Niederhut]

On 2/15/2023 at 8:49 PM, W. Niederhut said:

Paul,

   We are, certainly, involved in an erstwhile proxy war.  Ukraine cannot defend its sovereignty without U.S. and NATO assistance.

   Contrary to what some confused forum members imagine, I, too, have long been a critic of both the U.S. military industrial complex (since WWII) and the post-WWII Soviet and neo-Soviet military industrial complex.

   I'm, basically, a progressive Social Democrat who opposed the Vietnam War and the U.S. invasion of Iraq (and the phony "War on Terror.")

   I'm also opposed to Putin's invasion of Ukraine and war crimes-- many of which seem calculated to terrorize and demoralize the Ukrainian people.

   My specific question for Chris has to do with the definition of terrorism.

   Is the strategic sabotage of military resources in time of war terrorism?

Well, it's gratifying to see John Cotter finally admit to Paul Brancato, albeit indirectly, that Putin has, in fact, committed war crimes in Ukraine.   Hurrah!  🙄

Meanwhile, John, Chris, and Rigby never answered my question about the definition of terrorism-- while falsely claiming that it is "disingenuous." 🙄

As for Chris's question about ending the carnage in Ukraine, I have repeatedly expressed such a wish.

Chris has either not read, or not understood, my comments on that subject.

But is Putin willing to negotiate an end his terrorist campaign against Ukraine?

Putin Goes All In: 140,000 Dead in Ukraine and He Won't Stop - 19FortyFive

Edited February 17, 2023 by W. Niederhut

[Guest]

2 hours ago, W. Niederhut said:

As for Chris's question about ending the carnage in Ukraine, I have repeatedly expressed such a wish.

Sorry to put you in an uncomfortable position, let me just ask HOW you would go about ending the conflict ASAP? 
 

@W. Niederhut I went through the whole Ploesti ‘false equivalence’ argument with you. You just said nothing, not realising the USA had declared war on Romania in 1942, before operation tidal wave in 1943.
I find it very childish that you can’t admit your flawed reasoning, or poor choice of an example. I should be used to it by now. 

[John Cotter]

4 hours ago, Paul Rigby said:

That appears to be the case with Sinn Fein. Mind you, MI5 plays rough, and the options are limited:

Murder, Lies and State Conspiracy

https://www.craigmurray.org.uk/archives/2023/02/murder-lies-and-state-conspiracy/

February 17, 2023

Donald John Morrison was the last man to speak to Willie McRae, unless his murderer talked. He invited me warmly into his neat Benbecula home, where I was visiting with my friend, his cousin Donnie.

Donald took my coat from me and hung it neatly in a cupboard. He then sat us in the front room, while he went to make us tea. On the wood and glass coffee table was a copy of Gareth Wardell’s Essays, thumbed and marked.

Donald John returned with the tea and two slices of pizza, warm and crisp, with sweet fresh cherry tomatoes on top, their skins split from the oven.

Donald John’s movements were fluid. He is remarkably spritely for a man in his late seventies, his back only slightly bowed, his eyes clear behind his spectacles, his hands deft and assured.

There is a calm island lisp to his voice, but he speaks compellingly, assuredly, with the policeman’s eye for relevance and detail. He was a central Glasgow beat policeman for decades, in times when Glasgow was a tough and dangerous city – and when there were beat policemen.

He comes across as more than friendly, positively kindly. But then at key points in his narrative, his eyes suddenly flash and you see the inner steel that he needed in the Glasgow polis.

It happens when he is angry, and there are parts of this story that make him angry indeed.

He knew Willie McRae professionally quite well, in the way that a policeman knows a lawyer. They would meet in court, and sometimes he would need to serve papers on McRae’s office on Bath Street.

Everybody knew the office, it was on the first floor, the biggest law practice in the city, its door protected by a steel shutter on a roller.

In early 1985 he saw Willie McRae more often than usual, because he had to attend on four separate occasions to burglaries of the law office. On every occasion cabinets had been forced and papers had been taken, but no money.

On the same floor of the Bath Street building was an office belonging to a Director of Celtic. That too was burgled, and when he attended that one, the Director told him he believed the break-in was looking for papers belonging to Willie McRae.

Then one day in March 1985, his sergeant came out to the beat and told Donald John and his partner that, whatever occurred, they were to stay away from the McRae offices that evening because a Special Branch and MI5 operation was in process.

That night Donald John was pulling a “doubler” – a twelve hour shift. He found that McRae had been taken into custody and a police cell, for Driving Under the Influence (which to be fair could have been done to Willie McRae almost any day of the week).

Donald John had seen this before.  In those days, the personal effects of a prisoner in the police cells were put into a large brown envelope and sealed. Special Branch would take away the envelope from the custody sergeant, open it, remove the prisoner’s house keys, and before the custody court the next morning at 9.30am they would return them and reseal.

It appears that evening the plan did not work, as Willie McRae did not have the roller shutter keys on him – they were in fact kept by the cleaner who came in and opened up at 7.30am every morning.

Donald John grinned that he could have told Special Branch that, if they had asked him.

Then on 7 April Donald John was walking his beat, when he spotted two men keeping surveillance on Agnews store. He immediately tagged them as policemen.

One, a tall thin man of around forty years with prematurely white hair, was pacing up and down outside the barbershop, as though waiting for someone. The second, a shorter and stouter man with curly black hair, was pretending to look into a plate glass shop window. Occasionally they would glance to check on each other.

Donald John was walking towards Agnews store, somewhat on guard, when Willie McRae emerged from the store and walked towards him. In each hand McRae held a bottle of Islay Mist whisky.

Donald joked that he would have to breathylise him. Willie replied that in a few hours he would be enjoying the whisky by a warm fire in Kintail.

They walked together to McRae’s car. Willie put one bottle on the roof while he opened the door, and Donald John caught it for him as it started to roll from the roof.

Willie placed both bottles on the front seat next to a bulging briefcase. Donald moved them onto the floor of the car, suggesting they would be safer as they could fall off the seat.

Willie looked at Donald John and patted the bulging briefcase, which had papers sticking out.

“I have got them this time, Donald”, he said. Then he repeated: “I have got them this time”.

They were probably the last words Willie McRae spoke.

As McRae closed the car door, Donald John Morrison looked up and saw one of the police surveillance team signal to the other with outturned hands, as though to indicate he had no idea what was happening, why a uniformed policeman was speaking to McRae.

I interrupted Donald John (the only time I needed to in the whole discourse) to ask him how McRae had seemed. He said he was neatly dressed and shaven, in a check shirt with a tie and a tweed jacket. He seemed on good form, “in fine fettle”. He had a sparkle in his eye and seemed to be relishing the idea of that drink by the fire in Kintail.

Donald John said apparently there had been a blaze at McRae’s home earlier that day but he gave no indication of it. There was absolutely nothing in his demeanour to indicate he was troubled: quite the opposite.

When he heard of the alleged suicide, Donald John was astonished and did not believe it. He had spoken to Roddy Mackay of Agnew’s Store, who had sold Willie the whisky, and he had also found McRae just as cheerful.

Morrison gave a full statement to the investigation, including everything detailed here. He recommended they also take a statement from Roddy Mackay.

A former beat collague of Donald John Morrison had joined Special Branch. He subsequently told Donald John that the whole investigation into McRae’s death was a cover-up and a tissue of lies by the police.

Donald John also found that Roddy Mackay had never been interviewed.

Over a decade later, once the Freedom of Information Act had passed, Donald John FOIA requested a copy of the report into the death of Willie McRae.

Donald John Morrison was astonished to find that his entire statement had been falsified and replaced with a fake statement onto which his signature had been photocpied.

In his “official” statement in the report there was nothing about surveillance, nothing about MI5 or Special Branch, and nothing about the whisky or the briefcase.

The official version of the death of Willie McRae is that there was no whisky or briefcase in the car, and that he shot himself in the back of the head whilst driving along, the gun flying out of the car window.

That remains the official story to this day.

Donald John was absolutely furious about the forgery of his statement. As this was obviously a serious crime in itself, he went to the procurator fiscal in Elgin to try to get a prosecution commenced against the Special Branch officers involved.

Eventually he was told that the Crown Office had ruled a prosecution would not be “procedurally correct”.

Donald John Morrison believes that, from the death of Willie McRae on, he was a marked man in the police because of what he knew.

Despite an exemplary record he was never offered promotion, though he says he did not want it. He was involved on three occasions in tackling and physically subduing armed robbers, but got not so much as a commendation. Frequently arrests he made were attributed to others.

Morrison says that it was made absolutely plain to officers, by the senior command, that they were expected to join the Orange Lodge, which he did.  There were only five Catholic officers – who he named – in his division. The McRae affair also caused him problems in the Orange Lodge, but that is a story, he suggested, for another day.

Morrison is a compelling witness. His testimony is detailed and precise. He ventures nothing beyond what he himself saw and did. He had not a word to say on why McRae was killed, because he does not know.

But he does know there was a bulging briefcase that McRae patted when he said “I have got them this time”. He knows that there were two bottles of Islay Mist. He knows that these things officially “disappeared”. He knows his statement was forged, and that it was done by Special Branch. He knows McRae was under British state surveillance.

I know that I met an honest and brave man. As we left, he stood there, eyes twinkling, and insisted that next time we came to the island we were staying with him, “with your wife and bairns too”.

It was a pleasure to be hosted by the remarkable Donald John Morrison. Just an honest beat cop, standing up against the murderers of the British state.

 

 

Thanks for that report by the inimitable Craig Murray, Paul.

And we’re supposed to believe, as some members of this forum such as @W. Niederhut purportedly do, that the kind of murderous subversion of justice and democracy by MI5 described in the report could only happen in places like Russia and that the white hatted heroes of MI5 and the CIA are above that kind of thing.

Edited February 17, 2023 by John Cotter

[John Cotter]

3 hours ago, W. Niederhut said:

Well, it's gratifying to see John Cotter finally admit to Paul Brancato, albeit indirectly, that Putin has, in fact, committed war crimes in Ukraine.   Hurrah!  🙄

Meanwhile, John, Chris, and Rigby never answered my question about the definition of terrorism-- while falsely claiming that it is "disingenuous." 🙄

As for Chris's question about ending the carnage in Ukraine, I have repeatedly expressed such a wish.

Chris has either not read, or not understood, my comments on that subject.

But is Putin willing to negotiate an end his terrorist campaign against Ukraine?

Putin Goes All In: 140,000 Dead in Ukraine and He Won't Stop - 19FortyFive

William,

There’s no “finally” about it. I have been consistent throughout here in agreeing with the essential thrust of Professor John Mearsheimer’s thesis.

As Mearsheimer has explained, great powers such as Russia and the US don’t confine themselves to the strictures of morality. The only principle they observe is the “might is right” principle.

This is illustrated by the fact that neither Russia nor the US recognises the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court, the body which investigates and adjudicates on war crimes. They are both “rogue states” to that extent at least.

That is not to say that history began in February 2022 with the Russian invasion of Ukraine and that therefore the invasion was unjustifiable. As Mearsheimer has also explained, the invasion was understandable, if not justifiable, in view of the existential threat faced by Russia.

The problem is that the anti-Russian jingoists such as yourself don’t acknowledge these realities. They cling to the delusion that Russia is the devil incarnate and the US is as pure as the driven snow.

You need to catch a train to reality.  Instead of engaging in meaningful debate, all you’re doing here is relentlessly spouting US imperialist propaganda.

Edited February 17, 2023 by John Cotter

[Paul Rigby]

Consortium News Live - Seymour Hersh on American Sabotage [of the Nord Stream pipelines]: further revelations on US state terrorism

https://youtube.com/live/4wI38E9bJzk?si=EnSIkaIECMiOmarE

 

[Leslie Sharp]

5 hours ago, Paul Rigby said:

Consortium News Live - Seymour Hersh on American Sabotage [of the Nord Stream pipelines]: further revelations on US state terrorism

https://youtube.com/live/4wI38E9bJzk?si=EnSIkaIECMiOmarE

 

Hersh's admonition to Lauria to not leap to conclusions is worth the listen. . .  

[W. Niederhut]

Why the Nordstream 2 demolition was not an act of terrorism

 

I.  UN definition of terrorism / December 1994 (GA Res. 49/60)

Criminal acts intended or calculated to provoke a state of terror in the general public, a group of persons or particular persons for political purposes

II.  The following types of violence or threat of violence usually fall outside of the definition of terrorism:

• Wartime (including a declared war) or peacetime acts of violence committed by a nation state against another nation state regardless of legality or illegality and are carried out by properly uniformed forces or legal combatants of such nation state
• Reasonable acts of self-defense, such as the use of force to kill, apprehend, or punish criminals who pose a threat to the lives of humans or property
• Legitimate targets in war, such as enemy combatants and strategic infrastructure that form an integral part of the enemy's war effort such as defense industries and ports

 

 

[W. Niederhut]

European Parliament declares Russia a state sponsor of terrorism

November 23, 2022

BRUSSELS (Reuters) - The European Parliament on Wednesday designated Russia a state sponsor of terrorism, arguing that its military strikes on Ukrainian civilian targets such as hospitals, schools and shelters violated international law.

European lawmakers voted in favor of a resolution calling Russia a state sponsor of terrorism.

The move is largely symbolic, as the European Union does not have a legal framework in place to back it up. At the same time, the bloc has already imposed unprecedented sanctions on Russia over its invasion of Ukraine.

In the EU, the parliaments of four countries have so far designated Russia as a state sponsor of terrorism, according to the European Parliamentary Research Service: Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and Poland.

[John Cotter]

17 hours ago, W. Niederhut said:

Why the Nordstream 2 demolition was not an act of terrorism

 

I.  UN definition of terrorism / December 1994 (GA Res. 49/60)

Criminal acts intended or calculated to provoke a state of terror in the general public, a group of persons or particular persons for political purposes

II.  The following types of violence or threat of violence usually fall outside of the definition of terrorism:

• Wartime (including a declared war) or peacetime acts of violence committed by a nation state against another nation state regardless of legality or illegality and are carried out by properly uniformed forces or legal combatants of such nation state
• Reasonable acts of self-defense, such as the use of force to kill, apprehend, or punish criminals who pose a threat to the lives of humans or property
• Legitimate targets in war, such as enemy combatants and strategic infrastructure that form an integral part of the enemy's war effort such as defense industries and ports

 

 

William,

That (unlinked) definition of terrorism which you posted is somewhat dated since it was issued in 1994.

It’s clear from the second paragraph of the following extract from a more recent (2018) online article published by UNODC (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime) that the blowing up of the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline fulfils the three criteria enumerated therein.

Quote:

Although there is no current agreement regarding of a universal legal definition of the term, there has been some debate regarding the possible existence of an, at least partial, customary definition of terrorism. This followed the somewhat controversial judgment of the Special Tribunal for Lebanon in 2011, which found that since at least 2005, a definition of "transnational terrorism" has existed within customary international law:

As we shall see, a number of treaties, UN resolutions, and the legislative and judicial practice of States evince the formation of a general opinio juris in the international community, accompanied by a practice consistent with such opinio, to the effect that a customary rule of international law regarding the international crime of terrorism, at least in time of peace, has indeed emerged. This customary rule requires the following three key elements: (i) the perpetration of a criminal act (such as murder, kidnapping, hostage-taking, arson, and so on), or threatening such an act; (ii) the intent to spread fear among the population (which would generally entail the creation of public danger) or directly or indirectly coerce a national or international authority to take some action, or to refrain from taking it; (iii) when the act involves a transnational element. ( Interlocutory Decision, 2011, para. 85).

https://www.unodc.org/e4j/en/terrorism/module-4/key-issues/defining-terrorism.html